NUMA FAQ (文档 ID 736173.1)

NUMA FAQ (文档 ID 736173.1)

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In this Document Purpose   Questions and Answers   References APPLIES TO: Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.4 to 11.1.0.6 [Release 10.2 to 11.1] Information in this document applies to any platform. PURPOSE Starting with 10.2.0.4 NUMA is enabled by default and this article is informative to help understand some concepts.   QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1) What is NUMA?  Non-Uniform Memory Access or Non-Uniform Memory Architecture (NUMA) is a physical memory design used in SMP (multiprocessors) architecture, where the memory access time depends on the memory location relative to a processor. Under NUMA, a processor can access its own local memory faster than non-local memory, that is, memory local to another processor or memory shared between processors.  In a NUMA system, processors, memory, and I/O are grouped together into cells. The latency and bandwidth characteristics of communication within a cell are "fast" while going outside a cell is "slow". Since the memory in NUMA systems is physically distributed but logically shared, these systems offer better performance to applications that are optimized to use their features. For non-optimized applications, they still offer better performance since the default behavior is designed to be benign --if not beneficial-- and they still have access to much larger shared resources of memory, CPUs, and disk space.  2) How can we identify NUMA is enabled in the Operating System?  NUMA is a hardware architecture there is not a direct OS command or utility that tells NUMA is enabled. You need to find out from the Vendor how this can be done. 3) How Oracle detects "NUMA" is present in the Operating System? As mentioned in item 1, if an application is optimized to use NUMA feature then it will use it. During startup Oracle will detect there are multiple cells on a system, if yes, then itt will use its NUMA optimizations. 4) Do I need to relink 10.2.0.4 with numa_off option to disable NUMA? No. This option no longer exists in 10.2.0.4. An attempt to relink with numa_off will return the following error: $ make -f ins_rdbms.mk numa_off  make: *** No rule to make target `numa_off'. Stop. 5) How to disable NUMA optimization in Oracle? - Customers should download and apply patch for bug:8199533 to disable NUMA optimization at the database layer . - Oracle support does not recommended using init.ora parameter "_enable_NUMA_optimization=FALSE". Customers should apply fix for Patch:8199533 to disable NUMA . The patch is rolling upgradeable.  - This patch does not need to be applied to ASM home. However if customer has same home for both RDBMS and ASM instances then this patch can be applied to the RDBMS home. REFERENCES NOTE:759565.1 - Oracle NUMA Usage Recommendation NOTE:166639.1 - HP Tru64: How To Verify Whether NUMA Is Enabled