转自 http://www.cnblogs.com/anjohnlv/p/3383908.html
都说iOS最恶心的部分是流媒体,其中恶心的恶心之处更在即时语音。
所以我们先不谈即时语音,研究一下,iOS中声音采集与播放的实现。
要在iOS设备上实现录音和播放功能,苹果提供了简单的做法,那就是利用AVAudioRecorder和AVAudioPlayer。度娘大多数也是如此。但是这种方法有很大的局限性。单说说这种做法:录音,首先得设置录音文件路径,然后录音数据直接写入了文件。播放也是首先给出文件路径,等到音频整个加载完成了,才能开始播放。这相当不灵活。
我的做法是利用音频队列AudioQueue,将声音暂存至缓冲区,然后从缓冲区取出音频数据,进行播放。
声音采集:
使用AudioQueue框架以队列的形式处理音频数据。因此使用时需要给队列分配缓存空间,由回调(Callback)函数完成向队列缓存读写音频数据的功能。
一个Recording Audio Queue,包括Buffer(缓冲器)组成的BufferQueue(缓冲队列),以及一个Callback(回调)。实现主要步骤为:
-
设置音频的参数
-
准备并启动声音采集的音频队列
-
在回调函数中处理采集到的音频Buffer,在这里是暂存在了一个Byte数组里,提供给播放端使用
Record.h
#import
#import
#import
#import "AudioConstant.h"
// use Audio Queue
typedef struct AQCallbackStruct
{
AudioStreamBasicDescriptionmDataFormat;
AudioQueueRef queue;
AudioQueueBufferRef mBuffers[kNumberBuffers];
AudioFileID outputFile;
unsignedlong frameSize;
long long recPtr;
int run;
} AQCallbackStruct;
@interface Record : NSObject
{
AQCallbackStructaqc;
AudioFileTypeIDfileFormat;
long audioDataLength;
ByteaudioByte[999999];
long audioDataIndex;
}
- (id) init;
- (void) start;
- (void) stop;
- (void) pause;
- (Byte *) getBytes;
- (void) processAudioBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef) bufferwithQueue:(AudioQueueRef) queue;
@property (nonatomic, assign) AQCallbackStructaqc;
@property (nonatomic, assign)long audioDataLength;
@end
Record.mm
#import "Record.h"
@implementation Record
@synthesize aqc;
@synthesize audioDataLength;
static void AQInputCallback(void *inUserData,
AudioQueueRef inAudioQueue,
AudioQueueBufferRef inBuffer,
const AudioTimeStamp * inStartTime,
unsignedlong inNumPackets,
const AudioStreamPacketDescription* inPacketDesc)
{
Record* engine = (__bridge Record *) inUserData;
if (inNumPackets> 0)
{
[engineprocessAudioBuffer:inBuffer withQueue:inAudioQueue];
}
if (engine.aqc.run)
{
AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(engine.aqc.queue,inBuffer, 0, NULL);
}
}
- (id) init
{
self =[super init];
if (self)
{
aqc.mDataFormat.mSampleRate= kSamplingRate;
aqc.mDataFormat.mFormatID= kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
aqc.mDataFormat.mFormatFlags= kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsSignedInteger|kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked;
aqc.mDataFormat.mFramesPerPacket= 1;
aqc.mDataFormat.mChannelsPerFrame= kNumberChannels;
aqc.mDataFormat.mBitsPerChannel= kBitsPerChannels;
aqc.mDataFormat.mBytesPerPacket= kBytesPerFrame;
aqc.mDataFormat.mBytesPerFrame= kBytesPerFrame;
aqc.frameSize= kFrameSize;
AudioQueueNewInput(&aqc.mDataFormat,AQInputCallback, (__bridge void *)(self), NULL,kCFRunLoopCommonModes,0, &aqc.queue);
for (int i=0;i
{
AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(aqc.queue,aqc.frameSize, &aqc.mBuffers[i]);
AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(aqc.queue,aqc.mBuffers[i], 0, NULL);
}
aqc.recPtr= 0;
aqc.run= 1;
}
audioDataIndex= 0;
return self;
}
- (void) dealloc
{
AudioQueueStop(aqc.queue,true);
aqc.run= 0;
AudioQueueDispose(aqc.queue,true);
}
- (void) start
{
AudioQueueStart(aqc.queue,NULL);
}
- (void) stop
{
AudioQueueStop(aqc.queue,true);
}
- (void) pause
{
AudioQueuePause(aqc.queue);
}
- (Byte *)getBytes
{
return audioByte;
}
- (void) processAudioBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef) bufferwithQueue:(AudioQueueRef) queue
{
NSLog(@"processAudioData:%ld", buffer->mAudioDataByteSize);
//处理data:忘记oc怎么copy内存了,于是采用的C++代码,记得把类后缀改为.mm。同Play
memcpy(audioByte+audioDataIndex,buffer->mAudioData, buffer->mAudioDataByteSize);
audioDataIndex+=buffer->mAudioDataByteSize;
audioDataLength= audioDataIndex;
}
@end
声音播放:
同采集一样,播放主要步骤如下:
-
设置音频参数(需和采集时设置参数一样)
-
取得缓存的音频Buffer
-
准备并启动声音播放的音频队列
-
在回调函数中处理Buffer
Play.h
#import
#import
#import "AudioConstant.h"
@interface Play : NSObject
{
//音频参数
AudioStreamBasicDescriptionaudioDescription;
//音频播放队列
AudioQueueRefaudioQueue;
//音频缓存
AudioQueueBufferRefaudioQueueBuffers[QUEUE_BUFFER_SIZE];
}
-(void)Play:(Byte *)audioByte Length:(long)len;
@end
Play.mm
#import "Play.h"
@interface Play()
{
Byte*audioByte;
long audioDataIndex;
long audioDataLength;
}
@end
@implementation Play
//回调函数(Callback)的实现
static void BufferCallback(void *inUserData,AudioQueueRefinAQ,AudioQueueBufferRef buffer){
NSLog(@"processAudioData:%u", (unsigned int)buffer->mAudioDataByteSize);
Play*player=(__bridge Play*)inUserData;
[playerFillBuffer:inAQ queueBuffer:buffer];
}
//缓存数据读取方法的实现
-(void)FillBuffer:(AudioQueueRef)queuequeueBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef)buffer
{
if(audioDataIndex+ EVERY_READ_LENGTH < audioDataLength)
{
memcpy(buffer->mAudioData,audioByte+audioDataIndex, EVERY_READ_LENGTH);
audioDataIndex+= EVERY_READ_LENGTH;
buffer->mAudioDataByteSize=EVERY_READ_LENGTH;
AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(queue,buffer, 0, NULL);
}
}
-(void)SetAudioFormat
{
///设置音频参数
audioDescription.mSampleRate = kSamplingRate;//采样率
audioDescription.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
audioDescription.mFormatFlags= kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger;//|kAudioFormatFlagIsNonInterleaved;
audioDescription.mChannelsPerFrame= kNumberChannels;
audioDescription.mFramesPerPacket = 1;//每一个packet一侦数据
audioDescription.mBitsPerChannel =kBitsPerChannels;//av_get_bytes_per_sample(AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16)*8;//每个采样点16bit量化
audioDescription.mBytesPerFrame = kBytesPerFrame;
audioDescription.mBytesPerPacket = kBytesPerFrame;
[self CreateAudioQueue];
}
-(void)CreateAudioQueue
{
[self Cleanup];
//使用player的内部线程播
AudioQueueNewOutput(&audioDescription,BufferCallback, (__bridge void *)(self), nil, nil,0, &audioQueue);
if(audioQueue)
{
添加buffer区
for(int i=0;i
{
int result= AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(audioQueue,EVERY_READ_LENGTH, &audioQueueBuffers[i]);
///创建buffer区,MIN_SIZE_PER_FRAME为每一侦所需要的最小的大小,该大小应该比每次往buffer里写的最大的一次还大
NSLog(@"AudioQueueAllocateBufferi = %d,result = %d",i,result);
}
}
}
-(void)Cleanup
{
if(audioQueue)
{
NSLog(@"ReleaseAudioQueueNewOutput");
[self Stop];
for(int i=0;i < QUEUE_BUFFER_SIZE; i++)
{
AudioQueueFreeBuffer(audioQueue,audioQueueBuffers[i]);
audioQueueBuffers[i]= nil;
}
audioQueue= nil;
}
}
-(void)Stop
{
NSLog(@"AudioPlayer Stop");
AudioQueueFlush(audioQueue);
AudioQueueReset(audioQueue);
AudioQueueStop(audioQueue,TRUE);
}
-(void)Play:(Byte *)byte Length:(long)len
{
[self Stop];
audioByte= byte;
audioDataLength= len;
NSLog(@"AudioPlay Start >>>>>");
[self SetAudioFormat];
AudioQueueReset(audioQueue);
audioDataIndex= 0;
for(int i=0;i
{
[self FillBuffer:audioQueuequeueBuffer:audioQueueBuffers[i]];
}
AudioQueueStart(audioQueue,NULL);
}
@end
以上,实现了通过内存缓存,声音的采集和播放,包括了声音采集,暂停,结束,播放等主要流程。
PS:由于本人水品有限加之这方面资料较少,只跑通了正常流程,暂时没做异常处理。采集的声音Buffer限定大小每次只有十来秒钟的样子,这个留给需要的人自己去优化了。
demo