Spring Boot自动配置

当某个类存在时，自动配置这个类的 Bean，并可将 Bean 的属性在 application.properties 中配置。

示例：

1、新建一个 maven 项目。选择quickstart。在POM中添加以下内容：

 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zsq.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-boot-starter-demo</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0.M1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2、属性配置，代码如下：

 

 

package com.zsq.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/12/19.
 */
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "hello")
public class DemoServiceProperties {
    private static final String MSG = "world";

    private String msg = MSG;

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }
}

3、判断依据类：

package com.zsq.demo;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/12/19.
 */
public class DemoService {
    private String msg;

    public String testMsg() {
        return "test:" + msg;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }
}

4、自动配置类：

 

 

package com.zsq.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/12/19.
 */
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DemoServiceProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnClass(DemoService.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "hello", value = "enable", matchIfMissing = true)
public class DemoServiceAutoConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private DemoServiceProperties demoServiceProperties;

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(DemoService.class)
    public DemoService demoService() {
        DemoService demoService = new DemoService();
        demoService.setMsg(demoServiceProperties.getMsg());
        return demoService;
    }
}

根据DemoServiceProperties 提供的参数，并通过 @ConditionalOnClass 判断 DemoService 这个类在路径中是否存在，且当容器中没有这个 Bean 的情况下自动配置这个 Bean。

 

5、注册配置，在 src/main/resources 下新建 META-INF/spring.factories。

在 spring.factories 中添加以下内容：

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
  com.zsq.demo.DemoServiceAutoConfiguration

若有多个自动配置，则用","隔开，此处"/" 是为了换行后仍然能读到属性。

6、将项目打包为jar导入，或者直接安装到本地仓库或者远程私服，直接导入使用。