重学Swift第十篇：Codable

Codable可以将自身与外部表示形式(例如JSON)进行互相转换的类型。

public protocol Encodable {
   
	func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws
}
public protocol Decodable {
   
	init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
}
public typealias Codable = Decodable & Encodable

从上可以看到Codable是Decodable和Encodable协议组合的别名。在这两个协议方法中主要涉及Decoder和Encoder两个协议。

解码

public protocol Decoder {
   
	var codingPath: [CodingKey] {
    get }  //CodingKey协议值可为Int或String
	var userInfo: [CodingUserInfoKey : Any] {
    get } //CodingUserInfoKey协议遵守RawRepresentable、Equatable、Hashable协议
	func container<Key>(keyedBy type: Key.Type) throws -> KeyedDecodingContainer<Key> where Key : CodingKey   //字典形式
	func unkeyedContainer() throws -> UnkeyedDecodingContainer //数组形式
	func singleValueContainer() throws -> SingleValueDecodingContainer //原始单值
}

这里来看下KeyedDecodingContainer

public protocol KeyedDecodingContainerProtocol {
   
	associatedtype Key : CodingKey
	var codingPath: [CodingKey] {
    get }
	var allKeys: [Self.Key] {
    get }
	func contains(_ key: Self.Key) -> Bool
	func decode(.............) //代指decode相关方法
}
public struct KeyedDecodingContainer<K> : KeyedDecodingContainerProtocol where K : CodingKey {
   
	public typealias Key = K
	public init<Container>(_ container: Container) where K == Container.Key, Container : KeyedDecodingContainerProtocol
	public var codingPath: [CodingKey] {
    get }
	public var allKeys: [KeyedDecodingContainer<K>.Key] {
    get }
	public func contains(_ key: KeyedDecodingContainer<K>.Key) -> Bool
	func decode(....