04、Kubernetes集群安装

一、安装

1、环境准备

• 准备三台机器

192.168.211.151	k8smaster
192.168.211.152	k8snode1
192.168.211.153	k8snode2

• 关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

• 关闭selinux

# 永久关闭
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
# 临时关闭
setenforce 0

• 关闭swap

# 临时
swapoff -a
# 永久关闭
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

• 设置主机名

# 根据规划设置主机名【master节点上操作】

hostnamectl set-hostname k8smaster

# 根据规划设置主机名【node1节点操作】

hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode1

# 根据规划设置主机名【node2节点操作】

hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode2

• 在master添加hosts

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.211.151 k8smaster
192.168.211.152 k8snode1
192.168.211.153 k8snode2
EOF

• 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
# 生效
sysctl --system

• 时间同步

yum install ntpdate -y

ntpdate time.windows.com

2、安装docker

• 安装

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7

systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker

docker --version

• 添加docker阿里yun源

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://1l5l1thz.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload 
sudo systemctl restart docker

• 重启docker

systemctl restart docker

• 添加yum源

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

3、安装 kubeadm，kubelet 和 kubectl

# 安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl，同时指定版本
yum install -y kubelet-1.18.0 kubeadm-1.18.0 kubectl-1.18.0

#开机启动

systemctl enable kubelet

4、部署Kubernetes Master

主节点上执行

kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.211.151 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.18.0 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12  --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.211.151:6443 --token df2ndg.o43rvukqin50ht1n \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4f0c0c6843a05e240d8eb8b99d38ed57456a36832c4b964960b74a1f3d94537c

5、使用 kubectl 工具

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

6、加入Kubernetes Node【Slave节点】

kubeadm join 192.168.211.151:6443 --token df2ndg.o43rvukqin50ht1n --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4f0c0c6843a05e240d8eb8b99d38ed57456a36832c4b964960b74a1f3d94537c

默认token有效期为24小时，当过期之后，该token就不可用了。这时就需要重新创建token，操作如下：

kubeadm token create --print-join-comman

7、安装 Pod 网络插件（CNI）

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

如果上面下载失败

# 下载网络插件配置
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

安装

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

# 查看状态 【kube-system是k8s中的最小单元】
kubectl get pods -n kube-system

8、节点处于NotReady状态解决方案

如果上述操作完成后，还存在某个节点处于NotReady状态，可以在Master将该节点删除

# master节点将该节点删除

##20210223 yan 查阅资料添加###kubectl drain k8snode1 --delete-local-data --force --ignore-daemonsets

kubectl delete node k8snode1
 
# 然后到k8snode1节点进行重置
 kubeadm reset
# 重置完后在加入
kubeadm join 192.168.177.130:6443 --token 8j6ui9.gyr4i156u30y80xf     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:eda1380256a62d8733f4bddf926f148e57cf9d1a3a58fb45dd6e80768af5a500

9、测试kubernetes集群

测试kubernetes集群我们都知道K8S是容器化技术，它可以联网去下载镜像，用容器的方式进行启动

在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：

# 下载nginx 【会联网拉取nginx镜像】
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
# 查看状态
kubectl get pod
如果我们出现Running状态的时候，表示已经成功运行了

下面我们就需要将端口暴露出去，让其它外界能够访问

# 暴露端口
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
# 查看一下对外的端口
kubectl get pod,svc
能够看到，我们已经成功暴露了 80端口 到 30314上

我们到我们的宿主机浏览器上，访问如下地址 http://nodeIP:30314/

http://192.168.211.151:30314/