usb hid report descriptor

usb 设备固件中通常会烧写一些描述信息。

根据usb设计规范, 通常描述符信息包含以下几类:

设备描述符

    |-- 配置描述符

        |-- 接口描述符

             |--端点描述符

     | -- 字符串描述符

 

分别描述该usb设备的厂商, 类别,  ID, 配置, 接口, 端点等等。

 

对于usb hid设备来说,  比较特殊的是其固件描述信息中包含一种hid report descriptor。

由于hid包含鼠标, 键盘, 游戏手柄等多种用户输入设备。

usb hid设备通常使用interrupt即中断传输。

中断传输的数据, 包含坐标, 按键等信息, 这些信息该如何定义。(鼠标和键盘肯定是相差很多)

hid report 描述符就是为了解决这种问题。

例如下面为鼠标的report描述符信息:

Usage Page (Desktop),                   ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (Mouse),                          ; Mouse (02h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Usage Page (Button),                ; Button (09h) 按键
    Usage Minimum (01h),                ; 
    Usage Maximum (05h),                ; 有5种按键(左, 右, 中...)
    Logical Minimum (0),                ;
    Logical Maximum (1),                ; 按键的逻辑值(0 - 松开, 1 - 按下)
    Report Count (5),                   ; 报告的数量5位数据(Byte0[bit0...4])
    Report Size (1),                    ; 报告的大小, 1位
    Input (Variable),                   ; 主项目, 作为输入
    Report Count (1),                   ; 后面1位数据, 即Byte0 bit5
    Report Size (3),                    ; 3位大小, 即bit5...7
    Input (Constant, Variable),         ; 作为常量输入
    Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
    Usage (Pointer),                    ; Pointer (01h, physical collection)
    Collection (Physical),
        Usage (X),                      ; X (30h, dynamic value)
        Usage (Y),                      ; Y (31h, dynamic value)
        Logical Minimum (-127),
        Logical Maximum (127),
        Report Size (8),                ; 8位大小
        Report Count (2),               ; 有两个8位大小
        Input (Variable, Relative),     ; 作为输入,  相对值
    End Collection,                     ; 结束这个集合
    Usage (Wheel),                      ; Wheel (38h, dynamic value), 滚轮
    Report Count (1),                   ; 1位数据
    Input (Variable, Relative),         ; 作为输入
    Usage (Motion Wakeup),              ; Motion wakeup (3Ch, one-shot control)
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (1),
    Report Count (1),
    Feature (Variable, No Preferred),
    Report Count (7),                   ; 7位数据
    Feature (Constant),
End Collection

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主要关键字如下:

主项目		全域项目		区域项目
标签	代码	标签	代码	标签	代码
Input	X08?	Usage Page	0x0?	Usage	0x0?
Output	0x9?	Logical Minimum	0x1?	Usage Minimum	0x1?
Feature	0x0b?	Logical Maximum	0x2?	Usage Maximum	0x2?
		Physical Minimum	0x3?	Designator Minimum	0x3?
Collection	0xa1	Physical Maximum	0x4?	Designator Minimum	0x4?
End Collection	0xc0	Unit Exponent	0x5?	Designator Maximum	0x5?
		Unit	0x6?	String	0x7?
		Report Size	0x7?	Sreing Minimum	0x8?
		Report ID	0x8?	String Maximum	0x9?
		Report Coumt	0x9?	Delimiter	0xa?
		Push	0xA?
		Pop	0xb?

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具体含义有待进一步理解,  简单来说, report descriptor是对中断传输数据结构的一种描述。

 

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我的键盘hid report描述信息如下: (相对鼠标来书信息更多.)

river@river-VirtualBox:/media/sf_vbox_sf/share_workspace/usbhid/usbmouse$ sudo usbhid-dump -d 0x1532 | grep -v : | xxd -r -p | hidrd-convert -o spec
[sudo] password for river: 
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (Mouse),                      ; Mouse (02h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Usage (Pointer),                ; Pointer (01h, physical collection)
    Collection (Physical),
        Usage Page (Button),        ; Button (09h)
        Usage Minimum (01h),
        Usage Maximum (03h),
        Logical Minimum (0),
        Logical Maximum (1),
        Report Count (3),
        Report Size (1),
        Input (Variable),
        Report Size (1),
        Report Count (5),
        Input (Constant, Variable),
        Usage Page (FF00h),         ; FF00h, vendor-defined
        Usage (40h),
        Report Count (2),
        Report Size (8),
        Logical Minimum (-127),
        Logical Maximum (127),
        Input (Variable),
        Usage Page (Desktop),       ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
        Usage (Wheel),              ; Wheel (38h, dynamic value)
        Logical Minimum (-127),
        Logical Maximum (127),
        Report Size (8),
        Report Count (1),
        Input (Variable, Relative),
        Usage (X),                  ; X (30h, dynamic value)
        Usage (Y),                  ; Y (31h, dynamic value)
        Logical Minimum (-32768),
        Logical Maximum (32767),
        Report Size (16),
        Report Count (2),
        Input (Variable, Relative),
    End Collection,
    Usage Page (FF00h),             ; FF00h, vendor-defined
    Usage (02h),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (90),
    Feature (Constant),
End Collection,
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (Keyboard),                   ; Keyboard (06h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Report ID (1),
    Usage Page (Keyboard),          ; Keyboard/keypad (07h)
    Usage Minimum (KB Leftcontrol), ; Keyboard left control (E0h, dynamic value)
    Usage Maximum (KB Right GUI),   ; Keyboard right GUI (E7h, dynamic value)
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (1),
    Report Count (8),
    Input (Variable),
    Usage Minimum (None),           ; No event (00h, selector)
    Usage Maximum (FFh),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (255),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (14),
    Input,
End Collection,
Usage Page (Consumer),              ; Consumer (0Ch)
Usage (Consumer Control),           ; Consumer control (01h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Report ID (2),
    Usage Minimum (00h),
    Usage Maximum (AC Format),      ; AC format (023Ch, selector)
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (572),
    Report Count (1),
    Report Size (16),
    Input,
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (13),
    Input (Constant),
End Collection,
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (Sys Control),                ; System control (80h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Report ID (3),
    Usage Minimum (Sys Power Down), ; System power down (81h, one-shot control)
    Usage Maximum (Sys Wake Up),    ; System wake up (83h, one-shot control)
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (1),
    Report Count (3),
    Input (Variable),
    Report Count (5),
    Input (Constant),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (14),
    Input (Constant),
End Collection,
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (00h),
Collection (Application),
    Report ID (4),
    Usage (03h),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (255),
    Physical Minimum (0),
    Physical Maximum (255),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (15),
    Input,
End Collection,
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (00h),
Collection (Application),
    Report ID (5),
    Usage (03h),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (255),
    Physical Minimum (0),
    Physical Maximum (255),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (15),
    Input,
End Collection,
Usage Page (Desktop),               ; Generic desktop controls (01h)
Usage (Keyboard),                   ; Keyboard (06h, application collection)
Collection (Application),
    Usage Page (Keyboard),          ; Keyboard/keypad (07h)
    Usage Minimum (KB Leftcontrol), ; Keyboard left control (E0h, dynamic value)
    Usage Maximum (KB Right GUI),   ; Keyboard right GUI (E7h, dynamic value)
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (1),
    Report Count (8),
    Input (Variable),
    Input (Constant),
    Usage Minimum (None),           ; No event (00h, selector)
    Usage Maximum (FFh),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (255),
    Report Size (8),
    Report Count (6),
    Input,
    Usage Page (LED),               ; LEDs (08h)
    Usage Minimum (01h),
    Usage Maximum (03h),
    Logical Minimum (0),
    Logical Maximum (1),
    Report Size (1),
    Report Count (3),
    Output (Variable),
    Report Count (5),
    Output (Constant),
End Collection