监听器
ZooKeeper原生的API支持通过注册Watcher来进行事件监听,但是Watcher通知是一次性的,因此开发过程中需要反复注册Watcher,比较繁琐。Curator引入了Cache来监听ZooKeeper服务端的事件。Cache对ZooKeeper事件监听进行了封装,能够自动处理反复注册监听,简化了ZooKeeper原生API繁琐的开发过程。
Curator框架提供了三种Watcher(Cache) 来监听节点的变化.
1. Path Cache : 监视路径 1) 子节点的创建, 2)删除, 3) 以及节点数据的更新. 产生的事件会传递给注册的PathChildrenCacheListener.
2. Node Cache : 监视一个节点的创建, 更新, 删除, 并将节点的数据缓存在本地.
3 Tree Cache : Path Cache 和Node Cache 的"合体", 监视路径下的创建, 更新, 删除事件, 并缓存路径下所有孩子节点的数据.
代码示例
package com.nxcjh.hadoop.examples.zookeeper.curator;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.ChildData;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheEvent;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache.StartMode;
import org.apache.curator.retry.RetryNTimes;
/**
* Curator framework watch test.
*/
public class CuratorWatcherTest {
/** Zookeeper info */
private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "10.17.110.25:2181,10.17.110.32:2181,10.17.110.36:2181";
private static final String ZK_PATH = "/zktest";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.Connect to zk
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(ZK_ADDRESS,new RetryNTimes(10, 5000));
client.start();
System.out.println("zk client start successfully!");
// 2.Register watcher
PathChildrenCache watcher = new PathChildrenCache(client,ZK_PATH,true);//true 缓存本地
watcher.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
ChildData data = event.getData();
if (data == null) {
System.out.println("No data in event[" + event + "]");
} else {
System.out.println("Receive event: "
+ "type=[" + event.getType() + "]"
+ ", path=[" + data.getPath() + "]"
+ ", data=[" + new String(data.getData()) + "]"
+ ", stat=[" + data.getStat() + "]");
}
}
});
watcher.start(StartMode.BUILD_INITIAL_CACHE);
System.out.println("Register zk watcher successfully!");
Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
}
实例二
package com.nxcjh.hadoop.examples.zookeeper.curator;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheEvent;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache.StartMode;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
/**
* Curator事件监听
* @author
*
*/
public class CarutorDemo {
private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "10.17.110.25:2181,10.17.110.32:2181,10.17.110.36:2181";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString(ZK_ADDRESS)
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(3000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.build();
client.start();
client.create()
.creatingParentsIfNeeded()
.forPath("/zktest/cnode", "hello".getBytes());
/**
* 在注册监听器的时候,如果传入此参数,当事件触发时,逻辑由线程池处理
*/
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
/**
* 监听数据节点的变化情况
*/
final NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client, "/zktest/cnode", false);
nodeCache.start(true);
nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(
new NodeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Node data is changed, new data: " +
new String(nodeCache.getCurrentData().getData()));
}
},
pool
);
/**
* 监听子节点的变化情况
*/
final PathChildrenCache childrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client, "/zktest", true);
childrenCache.start(StartMode.POST_INITIALIZED_EVENT);
childrenCache.getListenable().addListener(
new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event)
throws Exception {
switch (event.getType()) {
case CHILD_ADDED:
System.out.println("CHILD_ADDED: " + event.getData().getPath());
break;
case CHILD_REMOVED:
System.out.println("CHILD_REMOVED: " + event.getData().getPath());
break;
case CHILD_UPDATED:
System.out.println("CHILD_UPDATED: " + event.getData().getPath());
break;
default:
break;
}
}
},
pool
);
client.setData().forPath("/zktest/cnode", "world".getBytes());
Thread.sleep(10 * 1000);
pool.shutdown();
client.close();
}
}
Curator "菜谱"
既然Maven包叫curator-recipes, 那说明Curator有它独特的"菜单".
1. 锁: 包括共享锁, 共享可写入锁, 读写锁等.
2. 选举: Leader选举算法.
3. Barrier: 阻止分布式计算直至某个条件被满足的"栅栏", 可以看做JDK Concurrent包中Barrier的分布式实现.
4. 缓存: 前面提到过的三种Cache及监听机制.
5. 持久化节点: 连接或Session终止后仍然在Zookeeper中存在的节点.
6. 队列: 分布式队列, 分布式优先级队列等.