QT之Tcp传输Json

1.共用的结构体inf.h

#ifndef INF_H

#define INF_H

#include <QColor>

#include <QPoint>

struct MoveInf

{

    QPoint srcP;

    QPoint targetP;

    QColor turnSide;

    QColor winSide;

    bool isOver=true;

    QString inf;

    MoveInf(){}

    MoveInf(QPoint srcP,QPoint targetP,QColor turnSide, QColor winSide,bool isOver,QString inf){

        this->srcP=srcP;

        this->targetP=targetP;

        this->turnSide=turnSide;

        this->winSide=winSide;

        this->isOver=isOver;

        this->inf=inf;

    }    

};

#endif // INF_H

2.服务器端

2.1服务器端头文件

#ifndef WIDGET_H

#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>

#include<QtNetwork>

#include<QDebug>

#include"inf.h"

namespace Ui {

class Widget;

}

class Widget : public QWidget

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);

    ~Widget();

private slots:

    void errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError);

    void serverReadData();

    void on_btnSend_clicked();

    void hasNewConn();

private:

    Ui::Widget *ui;     

    QTcpServer *tcpServer=NULL;

    QTcpSocket *tcpSocketConn=NULL;

    const int DATATYPE_MOVE_INF=0;

    int port =12366;

    QByteArray outBytes;

    qint64 totalBytesSize=0;

    qint64 receivedBytesSize=0;

    void initServer();

    void serverSendData(MoveInf moveInf, int dataType);

};

#endif // WIDGET_H

2.2服务器端cpp文件

#include "widget.h"

#include "ui_widget.h"

#include <QAbstractSocket>

#include<QDebug>

#include <QJsonDocument>

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :

    QWidget(parent),

    ui(new Ui::Widget)

{

    ui->setupUi(this);

    initServer();

}

Widget::~Widget()

{

    delete ui;

    if(tcpSocketConn){

        tcpSocketConn->close();

        delete tcpSocketConn;

    }

    if(tcpServer){

        tcpServer->close(); //因为建在this上，故无需手工delete

    }

}

void Widget::initServer()

{

    tcpServer=new QTcpServer(this);

    connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(hasNewConn()));

    tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port);

}

void Widget::hasNewConn()

{

    tcpSocketConn=tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();

    connect(tcpSocketConn,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(serverReadData()));

    connect(tcpSocketConn,SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),this,SLOT(errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));

    connect(tcpSocketConn,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,[=]{});//客户端断开连接时

}

void Widget::errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)

{

    qDebug()<<"服务器端错误"<<tcpServer->errorString();

}

void Widget::serverSendData(MoveInf moveInf,int dataType)

{

    QDataStream out(&outBytes,QIODevice::WriteOnly);

    out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);//C/S两端均采用相同版本

    //构建和传出Json

    QJsonDocument jsonDoc;

    QJsonObject moveInfJsonObject;

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("srcX",moveInf.srcP.x());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("srcY",moveInf.srcP.y());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("targetX",moveInf.targetP.x());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("targetY",moveInf.targetP.y());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("turnSide",QString::number(moveInf.turnSide.rgb(),16));

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("winSide",QString::number(moveInf.winSide.rgb(),16));

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("isOver",moveInf.isOver);

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("inf",moveInf.inf);

    jsonDoc.setObject(moveInfJsonObject);

    QByteArray jsonBytes=jsonDoc.toJson();

    //out数值总长度，数据类型，具体数据

    out<<qint64(0)<<qint64(dataType)<<jsonBytes;

    out.device()->seek(0);

    out<<qint64(outBytes.size());

    tcpSocketConn->write(outBytes);

    tcpSocketConn->flush();

    outBytes.resize(0);

}

void Widget::serverReadData()

{

    QDataStream in(tcpSocketConn);//接收的是二进制数据

    in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);//确保C/S版本相同

    qint64 dataType=-1;

    //如果接收长度小于等于数据包总大小信息+DataType

    if(receivedBytesSize<=sizeof(qint64)*2){

        //bytesAvailable为已传来但未读取的数据数据

        if(tcpSocketConn->bytesAvailable()>=sizeof(qint64)*2){

            in>>totalBytesSize>>dataType;//读取方法之一

            receivedBytesSize+=sizeof(qint64)*2;

        }else{

            //返回，等待读完头信息

            return;

        }

    }

    //如果未读取的数据大于等于真正数据部分的大小

    if(tcpSocketConn->bytesAvailable()>=totalBytesSize-receivedBytesSize){

        if(dataType==DATATYPE_MOVE_INF){//如果接收的是DATATYPE_MOVE_INF数的数据

            //构建并解析Json

            QByteArray jsonBytes;

            in>>jsonBytes;

            QJsonDocument jsonDoc=QJsonDocument::fromJson(jsonBytes);

            if(jsonDoc.isObject()){

                QJsonObject jsonObject=jsonDoc.object();

                MoveInf moveInf;

                moveInf.srcP=QPoint(jsonObject["srcX"].toInt()

                        ,jsonObject["srcY"].toInt());

                moveInf.targetP=QPoint(jsonObject["targetX"].toInt()

                        ,jsonObject["targetY"].toInt());

                moveInf.turnSide=QColor(jsonObject["turnSide"].toString().toUInt(NULL,16));

                moveInf.winSide=QColor(jsonObject["winSide"].toString().toUInt(NULL,16));

                moveInf.isOver=jsonObject["isOver"].toBool();

                moveInf.inf=jsonObject["inf"].toString();

                qDebug()<<moveInf.srcP<<moveInf.targetP<<moveInf.turnSide

                       <<moveInf.winSide<<moveInf.isOver<<moveInf.inf;

            }

        }

        receivedBytesSize=0;

    }

}

void Widget::on_btnSend_clicked()

{

    MoveInf moveInf;

    moveInf.srcP=QPoint(3,33);

    moveInf.targetP=QPoint(88,8);

    moveInf.turnSide=Qt::blue;

    moveInf.winSide=Qt::green;

    moveInf.isOver=!moveInf.isOver;

    moveInf.inf="这是服务器发来的信息";

    serverSendData(moveInf,DATATYPE_MOVE_INF);

}

3.客户端

3.1客户端头文件

#ifndef WIDGET_H

#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>

#include<QtNetwork>

#include<QDebug>

#include"inf.h"

namespace Ui {

class Widget;

}

class Widget : public QWidget

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);

    ~Widget();

private slots:

    void on_btnConnect_clicked();

    void connectSuccess();

    void errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError);

    void clientReadData();

    void on_btnSend_clicked();

private:

    Ui::Widget *ui;

    MoveInf inf;

    QTcpSocket *tcpClient=NULL;

    int port =12366;

    const int DATATYPE_MOVE_INF=0;

    QByteArray outBytes;

    qint64 totalBytesSize=0;

    qint64 receivedBytesSize=0;

    void initClient();

    void clientSendData(MoveInf moveInf, int dataType);

};

#endif // WIDGET_H

3.2客户端cpp文件

#include "widget.h"

#include "ui_widget.h"

#include <QAbstractSocket>

#include<QDebug>

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :

    QWidget(parent),

    ui(new Ui::Widget)

{

    ui->setupUi(this);

    initClient();

}

Widget::~Widget()

{

    delete ui;

    if(tcpClient){

        tcpClient->close();

        delete tcpClient;

    }

}

void Widget::initClient()

{

    tcpClient=new QTcpSocket(this);

    connect(tcpClient,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(connectSuccess()));

    connect(tcpClient,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(clientReadData()));

    connect(tcpClient,SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),this,SLOT(errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));

}

void Widget::on_btnConnect_clicked()

{

    tcpClient->connectToHost(QHostAddress::LocalHost,port);

}

void Widget::connectSuccess()

{

    qDebug()<<"连接成功";

}

void Widget::errorSlot(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)

{

    qDebug()<<"客户端错误"<<tcpClient->errorString();

}

void Widget::clientSendData(MoveInf moveInf,int dataType)

{

    QDataStream out(&outBytes,QIODevice::WriteOnly);

    out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);//C/S两端均采用相同版本

    //构建和传出Json

    QJsonDocument jsonDoc;

    QJsonObject moveInfJsonObject;

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("srcX",moveInf.srcP.x());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("srcY",moveInf.srcP.y());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("targetX",moveInf.targetP.x());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("targetY",moveInf.targetP.y());

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("turnSide",QString::number(moveInf.turnSide.rgb(),16));

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("winSide",QString::number(moveInf.winSide.rgb(),16));

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("isOver",moveInf.isOver);

    moveInfJsonObject.insert("inf",moveInf.inf);

    jsonDoc.setObject(moveInfJsonObject);

    QByteArray jsonBytes=jsonDoc.toJson();

    //out数值总长度，数据类型，具体数据

    out<<qint64(0)<<qint64(dataType)<<jsonBytes;

    out.device()->seek(0);

    out<<qint64(outBytes.size());

    tcpClient->write(outBytes);

    tcpClient->flush();

    outBytes.resize(0);

}

void Widget::clientReadData()

{

    QDataStream in(tcpClient);//接收的是二进制数据

    in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);//确保C/S版本相同

    qint64 dataType=-1;

    //如果接收长度小于等于数据包总大小信息+DataType

    if(receivedBytesSize<=sizeof(qint64)*2){

        //bytesAvailable为已传来但未读取的数据数据

        if(tcpClient->bytesAvailable()>=sizeof(qint64)*2){

            in>>totalBytesSize>>dataType;//读取方法之一

            receivedBytesSize+=sizeof(qint64)*2;

        }else{

            //返回，等待读完头信息

            return;

        }

    }

    //如果未读取的数据大于等于真正数据部分的大小

    if(tcpClient->bytesAvailable()>=totalBytesSize-receivedBytesSize){

        if(dataType==DATATYPE_MOVE_INF){//如果接收的是DATATYPE_MOVE_INF数的数据

            //构建并解析Json

            QByteArray jsonBytes;

            in>>jsonBytes;

            QJsonDocument jsonDoc=QJsonDocument::fromJson(jsonBytes);

            if(jsonDoc.isObject()){

                QJsonObject jsonObject=jsonDoc.object();

                MoveInf moveInf;

                moveInf.srcP=QPoint(jsonObject["srcX"].toInt()

                        ,jsonObject["srcY"].toInt());

                moveInf.targetP=QPoint(jsonObject["targetX"].toInt()

                        ,jsonObject["targetY"].toInt());

                moveInf.turnSide=QColor(jsonObject["turnSide"].toString().toUInt(NULL,16));

                moveInf.winSide=QColor(jsonObject["winSide"].toString().toUInt(NULL,16));

                moveInf.isOver=jsonObject["isOver"].toBool();

                moveInf.inf=jsonObject["inf"].toString();

                qDebug()<<moveInf.srcP<<moveInf.targetP<<moveInf.turnSide

                       <<moveInf.winSide<<moveInf.isOver<<moveInf.inf;

            }

        }

        receivedBytesSize=0;

    }

}

void Widget::on_btnSend_clicked()

{

    MoveInf moveInf;

    moveInf.srcP=QPoint(3,33);

    moveInf.targetP=QPoint(88,8);

    moveInf.turnSide=Qt::blue;

    moveInf.winSide=Qt::green;

    moveInf.isOver=!moveInf.isOver;

    moveInf.inf="这是客户端发来的信息";

    clientSendData(moveInf,DATATYPE_MOVE_INF);

}