LVM恢复误删逻辑卷

删除逻辑卷

##删除逻辑卷/dev/vgapp/lvapp

[root@xiaoou ~]# umount /dev/vgapp/lvapp
[root@xiaoou ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.9G   12M  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   46G  1.8G   44G   4% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  150M  865M  15% /boot
tmpfs                    378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvremove -v /dev/vgapp/lvapp
Do you really want to remove active logical volume vgapp/lvapp? [y/n]: y
    Accepted input: [y]
    Removing vgapp-lvapp (253:4)
    Archiving volume group "vgapp" metadata (seqno 4).
    Releasing logical volume "lvapp"
    Creating volume group backup "/etc/lvm/backup/vgapp" (seqno 5).
  Logical volume "lvapp" successfully removed

##使用lvs命令打印并确认我们已经删除了逻辑卷/dev/vgapp/lvapp
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   centos -wi-ao---- <45.12g                                                    
  swap   centos -wi-ao----  <3.88g                                                    
  lvapp2 vgapp  -wi-a----- 100.00m                                                    
  lvapp3 vgapp  -wi-a----- 900.00m 
  
  
  ##由于lvapp卷已删除，可以看到卷组vgapp的剩余空间是4.02G
  [root@xiaoou ~]# vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree 
  centos   1   2   0 wz--n- <49.00g  4.00m
  vgapp    1   2   0 wz--n-  <5.00g <4.02g

开始恢复逻辑卷

现在，让我们看看如何还原已删除的逻辑卷。每当我们执行与LVM相关的任何任务时，所有内容都将被记录在/etc/lvm/archive.下。并使用vgcfgbackup命令备份卷组配置并将其存储在/etc/lvm/backup下

[root@xiaoou ~]# ll /etc/lvm/backup/
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1739 Jul  4 03:37 centos
-rw-------. 1 root root 1684 Jul  5 20:10 vgapp

[root@xiaoou ~]# ll /etc/lvm/archive/
total 28
-rw-------. 1 root root 1740 Jul  4 03:37 centos_00000-992801009.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root  866 Jul  5 17:05 vgapp_00000-142262385.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root  875 Jul  5 17:11 vgapp_00001-113561652.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root 1292 Jul  5 17:14 vgapp_00002-31881502.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root 1686 Jul  5 17:15 vgapp_00003-2019542093.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root 2085 Jul  5 18:10 vgapp_00004-1663283959.vg
-rw-------. 1 root root 2081 Jul  5 20:10 vgapp_00005-2144796372.vg

在上面删除逻辑卷的步骤中，使用lvremove -v /dev/vg_data/lv_data 命令时，可以看到输出的详细信息，有archiving和create backup

 Archiving volume group "vgapp" metadata (seqno 4).
 Releasing logical volume "lvapp"
 Creating volume group backup "/etc/lvm/backup/vgapp" (seqno 5).
 
 下面列出并检查有多少个卷组元数据备份可用
[root@xiaoou ~]# vgcfgrestore --list vgapp
   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00000-142262385.vg
  Couldn't find device with uuid G5LqXd-IkMw-Caf9-EKm5-80dn-sfqh-NZnT2T.
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'vgcreate vgapp /dev/sdc'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 17:05:56 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00001-113561652.vg
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'lvcreate -L 100M -n lvapp2 vgapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 17:11:40 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00002-31881502.vg
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'lvcreate -L 900M -n lvapp3 vgapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 17:14:53 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00003-2019542093.vg
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'lvcreate -L 4G -n lvapp vgapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 17:15:12 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00004-1663283959.vg
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'lvextend -L +1G /dev/vgapp/lvapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 18:10:10 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00005-2144796372.vg
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *before* executing 'lvremove -v /dev/vgapp/lvapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 20:10:50 2024

   
  File:        /etc/lvm/backup/vgapp
  VG name:        vgapp
  Description:    Created *after* executing 'lvremove -v /dev/vgapp/lvapp'
  Backup Time:    Fri Jul  5 20:10:50 2024

##在恢复之前，使用--test选项来试运行一下
[root@xiaoou ~]# vgcfgrestore vgapp -f /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00003-2019542093.vg --test
  TEST MODE: Metadata will NOT be updated and volumes will not be (de)activated.
  Volume group vgapp has active volume: lvapp3.
  Volume group vgapp has active volume: lvapp2.
  WARNING: Found 2 active volume(s) in volume group "vgapp".
  Restoring VG with active LVs, may cause mismatch with its metadata.
Do you really want to proceed with restore of volume group "vgapp", while 2 volume(s) are active? [y/n]: y
  Restored volume group vgapp

##试运行没问题之后，去掉--test选项，然后再执行一次
[root@xiaoou ~]# vgcfgrestore vgapp -f /etc/lvm/archive/vgapp_00005-2144796372.vg 
  Volume group vgapp has active volume: lvapp3.
  Volume group vgapp has active volume: lvapp2.
  WARNING: Found 2 active volume(s) in volume group "vgapp".
  Restoring VG with active LVs, may cause mismatch with its metadata.
Do you really want to proceed with restore of volume group "vgapp", while 2 volume(s) are active? [y/n]: y
  Restored volume group vgapp
  
  ##使用lvs查看lv_data逻辑卷是否已恢复，并且使用lvscan查看逻辑卷是否激活：
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvs
 LV     VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   centos -wi-ao---- <45.12g                                                    
  swap   centos -wi-ao----  <3.88g                                                    
  lvapp  vgapp  -wi-------   4.00g                                                    
  lvapp2 vgapp  -wi-a----- 100.00m                                                    
  lvapp3 vgapp  -wi-a----- 900.00m                                                    
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vgapp/lvapp2' [100.00 MiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vgapp/lvapp3' [900.00 MiB] inherit
  inactive          '/dev/vgapp/lvapp' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [<3.88 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [<45.12 GiB] inherit

可看到lv_data已恢复，但是状态是未激活。下一步就激活逻辑卷。

激活逻辑卷

## 使用lvchange命令将逻辑卷激活
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvchange -ay /dev/vgapp/lvapp
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vgapp/lvapp2' [100.00 MiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vgapp/lvapp3' [900.00 MiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vgapp/lvapp' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [<3.88 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [<45.12 GiB] inherit
[root@xiaoou ~]# lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   centos -wi-ao---- <45.12g                                                    
  swap   centos -wi-ao----  <3.88g                                                    
  lvapp  vgapp  -wi-ao----   4.00g                                                    
  lvapp2 vgapp  -wi-a----- 100.00m                                                    
  lvapp3 vgapp  -wi-a----- 900.00m

重新挂载文件

## 挂载文件系统
[root@xiaoou ~]# mount /dev/vgapp/lvapp /app/
mount: /dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp is already mounted or /app busy
       /dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp is already mounted on /app
[root@xiaoou ~]# df -h /app/
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp  4.0G   33M  4.0G   1% /app