mockito入门和踩坑

一、入门

本文主要讨论springBoot + mockito 入门

1. 包引用

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2.写业务

• 编写Service逻辑

package com.org.demo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author dzh
 * @date 2023/1/5 10:19
 */
@Component
public class SomethingService {
    SomethingDao somethingDao;

    public List<Object> queryAll() {
        return somethingDao.queryAll();
    }

    public Object getById(Integer id) {
        return somethingDao.getById(id);
    }

    public Object something(String name, String gender) {
        return somethingDao.something(name, gender);
    }
}

• 构造Dao代码

package com.org.demo;


import java.util.List;

public interface SomethingDao {

    Object getById(Integer id);

    List<Object> queryAll();

    Object something(String name, String gender);
}

3.测试开始

• @InjectMocks，该注解修饰的的是我们要测试的类
• @Mock，该注解修饰的是我们要mock的类
• Mockito.when(somethingDao.getById(Mockito.anyInt())).thenReturn(result)，当方法调用的时候直接返回结果
• Mockito.when(somethingDao.getById(Mockito.anyInt())).then((Answer) param -> {})，当方法调用的时候，根据条件判断返回结果
• Mockito.when(somethingDao.getById(-1)).thenReturn(“啥也不是”)，如果是指定参数，返回指定结果

package com.org.demo;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;

@Slf4j
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SomethingServiceTest {

    @InjectMocks
    SomethingService somethingService;
    @Mock
    SomethingDao somethingDao;

    @Test
    public void queryAll() {
        List<Object> result = somethingService.queryAll();
        log.info("queryAll result => {}", result);
    }

    @Test
    public void queryById() {
        Object result = somethingService.getById(0);
        log.info("getById 0 => {}", result);

        result = somethingService.getById(1);
        log.info("getById 1 => {}", result);

        result = somethingService.getById(2);
        log.info("getById 2 => {}", result);

        result = somethingService.getById(-1);
        log.info("getById -1 => {}", result);
    }

    @Before
    public void before() {
        Mockito.when(somethingDao.queryAll())
                .thenReturn(List.of("lucy", "lily"));

        Mockito.when(somethingDao.getById(Mockito.anyInt()))
                .then((Answer<String>) param -> {
                    Object arg0 = param.getArgument(0);
                    if (Objects.equals(arg0, 0)) {
                        return "me good";
                    }
                    if (Objects.equals(arg0, 1)) {
                        return "you perfect";
                    }
                    return "the good guy";
                });

        Mockito.when(somethingDao.getById(-1)).thenReturn("啥也不是");
    }
}

二、踩坑

1.如果有多个入参不能有的any有的具体

有这么一个方法： Object something(String name, String gender);
这么mock：Mockito.when(somethingDao.something(Mockito.anyString(), “abc”)).thenReturn(“1”);
就会报这样的错：Invalid use of argument matchers! 2 matchers expected, 1 recorded: -> at com.org.demo.SomethingServiceTest.before(SomethingServiceTest.java:65)

2.如果指定了any的类型入参是null则不能触发mock而返回null

这么mock：Mockito.when(somethingDao.something(Mockito.anyString(), Mockito.anyString())).thenReturn(“lucy 女”);
这么调用：somethingService.something(null, null)
结果是null。
如果我们可以这么mock：Mockito.when(somethingDao.something(Mockito.any(), Mockito.any())).thenReturn(“lucy 女”); 那就可以触发mock