原理:服务器生成一个包含随机的字符串的图片发给客户端,客户端提交数据时需要填写字符串作为验证,由于字符串保存在图片中,因此机器很难识别。
public static final char[] CHARS = {'2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9',
'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','J',
'K','L','M','N','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z'};
public static Random random = new Random(); // 随机数
public static String getRandomString(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
for(int i=0; i<6; i++)
{
buffer.append(CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]);
}
return buffer.toString();
}
public static Color getRandomColor(){ // 获取随机的颜色
return new Color(random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255));
}
public static Color getReverserColor(Color c){ // 返回某颜色的反色
return new Color(255 - c.getRed(), 255 - c.getGreen(), 255 - c.getBlue());
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("image/jpeg"); // 设置输出类型
String randomString = getRandomString();
request.getSession(true).setAttribute("randomString", randomString);
int width = 100; // 图片宽度
int height = 30; // 图片高度
Color color = getRandomColor();
Color reverse = getReverserColor(color);
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // 创建一个彩色图片
Graphics2D g = bi.createGraphics(); // 获取绘图对象
g.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16)); // 设置字体
g.setColor(color);
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 绘制背景
g.setColor(reverse);
g.drawString(randomString, 18, 20); // 绘制随机字符
for(int i=0, n=random.nextInt(10); i<n; i++) // 画最多100个噪音
{
g.drawRect(random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height), 1, 1); // 随机噪音点
}
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); // 转成JPEG格式
JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out); // 编码器
encoder.encode(bi); // 对图片进行编码
out.flush(); // 输出到客户端
}
<script type="text/javascript">
function reloadImage(){
document.getElementById('btn').disabled = true;
//alert(new Date().getTime());
document.getElementById('identity').src = 'servlet/IdentityServlet?ts=' + new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
<img src="servlet/IdentityServlet" id="identity" οnlοad="btn.disabled=false;" />
<input type="button" value="换个图片" οnclick="reloadImage()" id="btn"/>