python setup.py install 的时候 报Unable to find vcvarsall.bat的解决方案

python版本2.7.12

因为需要安装一个 pycrypto-2.7a1 

下载的包为tar.gz

解压后 用CMD到达目录 执行

python setup.py install

发现报错 error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

C:\Users\VEADoc\Desktop\pycrypto-2.7a1> python setup.py install
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\Crypto
copying lib\Crypto\pct_warnings.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\Crypto
copying lib\Crypto\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\Crypto
creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\Crypto\Hash
···中间省略一堆···
running build_ext
warning: GMP or MPIR library not found; Not building Crypto.PublicKey._fastmath.
building 'Crypto.Random.OSRNG.winrandom' extension
error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

如果没有下载  Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler Package for Python 2.7 请自行到微软官网下载

解决过程

找到这个 vsvarsall.bat 的文件

我是在 C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual C++ for Python\9.0\ 

文件夹下找到了 vcvarsall.bat

现在我们知道路径了。

接下去打开python安装目录下 Lib\distutils\ 文件夹下的 msvc9compiler.py 文件

搜索一下 vcvarsall 你就会找到几个相关的函数 并且知道是在哪里返回的路径

def query_vcvarsall(version, arch="x86"):
    """Launch vcvarsall.bat and read the settings from its environment
    """
    vcvarsall = find_vcvarsall(version)
    interesting = set(("include", "lib", "libpath", "path"))
    result = {}

    if vcvarsall is None:
        raise DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
    log.debug("Calling 'vcvarsall.bat %s' (version=%s)", arch, version)
    popen = subprocess.Popen('"%s" %s & set' % (vcvarsall, arch),
                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    try:
        stdout, stderr = popen.communicate()
        if popen.wait() != 0:
            raise DistutilsPlatformError(stderr.decode("mbcs"))

        stdout = stdout.decode("mbcs")
        for line in stdout.split("\n"):
            line = Reg.convert_mbcs(line)
            if '=' not in line:
                continue
            line = line.strip()
            key, value = line.split('=', 1)
            key = key.lower()
            if key in interesting:
                if value.endswith(os.pathsep):
                    value = value[:-1]
                result[key] = removeDuplicates(value)

    finally:
        popen.stdout.close()
        popen.stderr.close()

    if len(result) != len(interesting):
        raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))

    return result

看代码可知 vcvarsall 变量是在 query_vcvarsall() 这个函数下定义的，既然程序他自己找不到，那我们就告诉他

注释掉标红的原赋值语句，自己把刚刚找到的文件夹路径写进去

vcvarsall = r"C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual C++ for Python\9.0\vcvarsall.bat"

保存后。重新安装包

python setup.py install

会发现 顺利完成了

最后。。记得把刚刚更改的 msvc9compiler.py 文件复原。毕竟是python自带的 改了不知道会不会出乱子