正向代理 反向代理 本质区别？

In computer networks, a reverse proxy【我感觉应该翻译为“向后代理”，不知道为啥要叫反向代理，怪难理解的】 is the application【是一个程序】 that sits【位于后端的程序】 in front of back-end applications and forwards【转发请求到后台程序】 client (e.g. browser) requests to those applications. Reverse proxies help increase scalability, performance, resilience and security. The resources returned to the client appear as if they originated from the web server itself.[1]

总而言之，向后代理就是在服务器上安装一个软件，这个软件就是向后代理软件，装了这个软件的就是向后代理服务器。

Large websites and content delivery networks use reverse proxies, 大部分内容分发网站都要使用，为啥使用？做负载啊，做安全等等吧。

Reverse proxies are typically owned or managed by the web service, 向后代理是后端网站服务商管理的或者网络公司安装的。不是你安装的，比如我有一个网站，我就负责安装向后【代理软件，比如nginx】。你负责访问。如果你在国内访问不了我这个网站，你就得安装一个xx软件，那么这个xx软件对你来说的作用就是正向代理【就是代理，还正向反向，翻译的不对】

Reverse proxy servers are implemented in popular open-source web servers such as Apache, Nginx, and Caddy. 【比较流行的向后的代理服务器比如：Apache、Ningx巴拉巴拉。。。】This software can inspect HTTP headers, which, for example, allows it on a single IP address to relay requests to different internal servers based on the domain name of the HTTP request. Dedicated reverse proxy servers such as the open source software HAProxy and Squid are used by some of the biggest websites on the internet.