Java 并发 线程安全 ThreadLocal

使用

private static ThreadLocal variable = new ThreadLocal() {
public String initialValue() {
return “空”;
}
};

操作

• void set(Object value)设置当前线程的线程局部变量的值
• Object get()该方法返回当前线程所对应的线程局部变量
• void remove()将当前线程局部变量的值删除，目的是为了减少内存的占用，该方法是JDK 5.0新增的方法。需要指出的是，当线程结束后，对应该线程的局部变量将自动被垃圾回收，所以显式调用该方法清除线程的局部变量并不是必须的操作，但它可以加快内存回收的速度
• Object initialValue()返回该线程局部变量的初始值，该方法是一个protected的方法，显然是为了让子类覆盖而设计的。这个方法是一个延迟调用方法，在线程第1次调用get()或set(Object)时才执行，并且仅执行1次。ThreadLocal中的缺省实现直接返回一个null
  根据自己需要添加泛型

静态类怎么还是线程安全的变量？

ThreadLocal里面有个map，key是当前线程唯一标识，value就是variable变量值

代码说明

package com.test;

import com.test.threadlocal.DemoThread;
import com.test.threadlocal.ThreadLocalVariable;
//主函数
/**
 * Hello world!
 */
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadLocalVariable threadLocalVariable = new ThreadLocalVariable();

        DemoThread demoThread1 = new DemoThread(threadLocalVariable);
        demoThread1.setThreadLocalVariable("demoThreadVariable0");
        demoThread1.setSleepTime(15000);

        DemoThread demoThread2= new DemoThread(threadLocalVariable);
        demoThread2.setThreadLocalVariable("demoThreadVariable1");
        demoThread2.setSleepTime(10000);

        DemoThread demoThread3= new DemoThread(threadLocalVariable);
        demoThread3.setThreadLocalVariable("demoThreadVariable2");
        demoThread3.setSleepTime(5000);
        demoThread1.start();
        demoThread2.start();
        demoThread3.start();
    }
}

package com.test.threadlocal;
//threadLocal
public class ThreadLocalVariable {
    /**
     * 静态变量
     */
    private static ThreadLocal<String> variable = new ThreadLocal<String>() {
        public String initialValue() {
            return "空";
        }
    };

    /**
     * set
     * @param variableParam
     */
    public void setVariable(String variableParam){
        variable.set(variableParam);
    }

    /**
     * get
     * @return
     */
    public String getVariable(){
       return  variable.get();
    }
}

package com.test.threadlocal;
//线程
public class DemoThread extends Thread {

    private ThreadLocalVariable threadLocalVariable;

    private String threadInstruction = "";

    private Integer sleepTime;


    public DemoThread(ThreadLocalVariable threadLocalVariable) {
        this.threadLocalVariable = threadLocalVariable;
    }

    public void setSleepTime(Integer sleepTime){
        this.sleepTime=sleepTime;
    }


    public void setThreadLocalVariable(String threadInstruction) {
        this.threadInstruction = threadInstruction;
    }

    public void run() {
        //设定值，是静态变量应该值为最后一个线程设定的值，但是是ThreadLocal,每个线程就有自己的值
        threadLocalVariable.setVariable(threadInstruction);

        System.out.println("thread[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] --> variable被当前线程设定值[" + threadLocalVariable.getVariable() + "]");
        try {
            Thread.currentThread().sleep(sleepTime);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("thread[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] -->休眠+"+sleepTime+"毫秒+variable[" + threadLocalVariable.getVariable() + "]");


    }
}

结果
thread[Thread-0] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable0]
thread[Thread-2] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable2]
thread[Thread-1] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable1]
thread[Thread-2] –>休眠+5000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable2]
thread[Thread-1] –>休眠+10000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable1]
Disconnected from the target VM, address: ‘127.0.0.1:50916’, transport: ‘socket’
thread[Thread-0] –>休眠+15000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable0]
如果不是ThreadLocal单纯是静态变量
应该是这样结果
thread[Thread-0] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable0]
thread[Thread-2] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable2]
thread[Thread-1] –> variable被当前线程设定值[demoThreadVariable1]
thread[Thread-2] –>休眠+5000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable2]
thread[Thread-1] –>休眠+10000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable2]
Disconnected from the target VM, address: ‘127.0.0.1:50916’, transport: ‘socket’
thread[Thread-0] –>休眠+15000毫秒+variable[demoThreadVariable2]