centos7 redis主从之哨兵

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 08:00:00 发布

oToyix

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 08:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： redis 文章标签： redis 运维数据库 centos

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/oToyix/article/details/106787149

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环境：

在这里插入图片描述

redis哨兵模式：

在redis主从的基础上，实现负载，当主库宕机时，由哨兵机制，在众多的从库中，选举出新的主库，当旧主库启用时，将会变成新主库的从库

缺点：

新主库出现后，无法自动切换为主库，需要手工去php切换，在这一瞬间会对后端数据库造成极大的负载，可能直接导致后端数据宕机

案例演示，根据以上Top

一、redis软件安装

安装环境软件支持

[root@localhost src]# yum install gcc-c++ -y

下载redis

[root@localhost src]# wget -c http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz

编译安装

[root@localhost src]# tar xf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd redis-5.0.5
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# vim src/Makefile
PREFIX?=/usr/local/redis
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis MALLOC=libc install
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# make install
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/6379
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# cp /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/bin/redis6379-server
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# 
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ls /usr/local/redis/
6379  bin
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ls /usr/local/redis/6379/
6379.conf
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ls /usr/local/redis/bin/
redis6379-server  redis-benchmark  redis-check-aof  redis-check-rdb  redis-cli  redis-sentinel  redis-server

编译sysctl.conf文件

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.core.somaxconn=512
vm.overcommit_memory=1

让redis负责内存管理

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

执行sysctl -p，让内核重新读取sysctl

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# sysctl -p
net.core.somaxconn = 512
vm.overcommit_memory = 1

配置启动脚本

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# /usr/src/redis-5.0.5/utils/install_server.sh 
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 6379		#端口
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf	#配置文件
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] /usr/local/redis/6379/redis_6379.log	#日志文件
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] /usr/local/redis/6379/	#数据目录
Please select the redis executable path [] /usr/local/redis/bin/redis6379-server	#启动脚本
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf
Log file       : /usr/local/redis/6379/redis_6379.log
Data dir       : /usr/local/redis/6379/
Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis6379-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

如此，就可以通过以下命令，直接进行启动、停止及重启了

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

编辑配置文件

vim /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf
配置rdb与aof持久化

注：这里只要配置下面4行，其他默认即可
bind 0.0.0.0 监听IP
port 6379 监听端口
appendonly yes 开启AOF持久化
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite yes 当rdb写入时，停止aof写入

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]#  vim /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf
  70 bind 0.0.0.0		监听IP
  89 protected-mode yes	可以查看键值
  93 port 6379			监听端口
  102 tcp-backlog 511	tcp队列长度，这里默认
  114 timeout 0			客户端与服务器之间的连接超时时间，0为永不超时
  131 tcp-keepalive 300	每300秒给客户端发送ACK握手包
  137 daemonize yes		后台启动
  148 supervised no		可以通过upstart和systemd管理redis守护进程
  159 pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid	进程文件
  167 loglevel notice	日志级别，默认即可
  172 logfile /usr/local/redis/6379/redis_6379.log	日志文件路径
  176 # syslog-enabled no	是否输出到系统日志
  187 databases 16		数据库个数0-15编号，共16个数据库
  195 always-show-logo yes	启动时是否显示日志
  219 save 900 1
  220 save 300 10
  221 save 60 10000
  236 stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes	快照出问题时，不可写
  242 rdbcompression yes	rdb模式，是否启动压缩，启用
  251 rdbchecksum yes	对rdb数据文件操作时，启动校验
  254 dbfilename dump.rdb	rdb持久化的快照文件名
  264 dir /usr/local/redis/6379/	rdb文件路径

 以下是AOF模式配置，这里rdb和AOF持久化都启用
  700 appendonly yes	开启AOF持久化
  704 appendfilename "appendonly.aof"	AOF持久化快照文件名
  730 appendfsync everysec		每秒保存至快照
  752 no-appendfsync-on-rewrite yes	当rdb写入时，停止aof写入
  771 auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100	aof文件增长100%时，重写
  772 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb	aof文件大于64M时，重写
  796 aof-load-truncated yes			aof文件加载时，忽略最后一条命令

服务重启

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ps -ef|grep redis
root      2835     1  0 12:29 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis6379-server 0.0.0.0:6379
root      2840  1672  0 12:29 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis

关闭selinux及配置防火墙

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=6379/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
80/tcp 22/tcp 6379/tcp

二、配置主从

编译从库192.168.1.11

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf 
 287 # replicaof <masterip> <masterport>
 288 replicaof 192.168.1.21 6379		主库：192.168.1.21 端口：6379
 
服务重启
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

编译从从库192.168.1.12

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/redis/6379/6379.conf 
 287 # replicaof <masterip> <masterport>
 288 replicaof 192.168.1.21 6379		主库：192.168.1.22 端口：6379
 
 服务重启
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

三、配置redis哨兵

进入源码目录，复制哨兵配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/redis-5.0.5
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# cp sentinel.conf /usr/local/redis/
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ls /usr/local/redis/
6379  bin  sentinel.conf

编辑哨兵配置文件sentinel.conf

注：只需要修改以下字段，其他默认
16 bind 0.0.0.0 监听IP
22 port 26379 监听端口
27 daemonize yes 后台运行
37 logfile “entinel.log” 日志文件名
66 dir /usr/local/redis/ 日志存放路径
85 sentinel monitor mymaster 192.168.1.21 6379 2 意思是，如果有两个从库认为主库挂了，那么就重新选举出新主库
186 sentinel notification-script mymaster /usr/local/redis/notify.sh 故障转移通知脚本

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# vim /usr/local/redis/sentinel.conf 
 16 bind 0.0.0.0	监听IP
 22 port 26379		监听端口
 27 daemonize yes	后台运行
 32 pidfile /var/run/redis-sentinel.pid	进程文件
 37 logfile "entinel.log"	日志文件名
 66 dir /usr/local/redis/	日志存放路径
 85 sentinel monitor mymaster 192.168.1.21 6379 2	意思是，如果有两个从库认为主库挂了，那么就重新选举出新主库
 114 sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 30000	3W毫秒后，认为主库失联
122 sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1		故障转移期间，由1个从库先同步，剩余的排队
147 sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000	故障转移超时时间
186  sentinel notification-script mymaster /usr/local/redis/notify.sh  故障转移通知脚本
220 sentinel deny-scripts-reconfig yes		禁止修改脚本

编译故障转移通知脚本

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# vim /usr/local/redis/notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
#####################
TO="631646620@qq.com"
SUBJECT="redis 发生故障转移"
CONTEXT="redis 发生故障转移"
echo -e $CONTEXT | mailx -s $SUBJECT $TO

给邮件脚本添加可执行权限

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/redis/notify.sh

将配置文件复制到其他从库中

/usr/local/redis/sentinel.conf 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/redis/
[root@localhost redis]# scp sentinel.conf root@192.168.1.11:/usr/local/redis/
[root@localhost redis]# scp sentinel.conf root@192.168.1.12:/usr/local/redis/
[root@localhost redis]# scp notify.sh root@192.168.1.11:/usr/local/redis/
[root@localhost redis]# scp notify.sh root@192.168.1.12:/usr/local/redis/

启动配置sentinel服务

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-sentinel /usr/local/redis/sentinel.conf

在这里插入图片描述

查看角色信息

192.168.1.21上查看

[root@localhost redis]# ifconfig|grep 192.168
        inet 192.168.1.21  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
[root@localhost redis]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> role
1) "master"    角色为：主库
2) (integer) 28917
3) 1) 1) "192.168.1.11"		从库
      2) "6379"
      3) "28639"
   2) 1) "192.168.1.12"		从库
      2) "6379"
      3) "28778"

192.168.1.12上查看

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig|grep 192.168
        inet 192.168.1.12  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> role
1) "slave"		角色：从库
2) "192.168.1.21"	主库
3) (integer) 6379
4) "connected"
5) (integer) 33546

将主库进程关闭，测试故障转移及邮件是否发送

主库关闭服务

[root@localhost redis]# ifconfig |grep  192.168
        inet 192.168.1.21  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
[root@localhost redis]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
[root@localhost redis]# ps -ef|grep redis	只有哨兵的进程
root      3211     1  0 16:11 ?        00:00:02 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-sentinel 0.0.0.0:26379 [sentinel]
root      3237  1672  0 16:17 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
[root@localhost redis]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1480/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:26379           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3211/redis-sentinel 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1385/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1480/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1385/sshd

3分钟后，查看从库信息

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> role
1) "slave"
2) "192.168.1.12"		主库变成了192.168.1.12
3) (integer) 6379
4) "connected"
5) (integer) 88977
127.0.0.1:6379> 

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig|grep 192.168
        inet 192.168.1.12  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> role
1) "master"			角色：主库
2) (integer) 98068
3) 1) 1) "192.168.1.11" 从库
      2) "6379"
      3) "97929"

已发生故障转移

[root@localhost redis]# 
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root  提示有邮件
[root@localhost redis]# tailf /var/spool/mail/root   查看邮件
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Message-Id: <20200616081830.1E83A802C4CC@localhost.localdomain>
From: root@localhost.localdomain (root)

redis 发生故障转移

--1E83A802C4CC.1592295510/localhost.localdomain--