1. method 搜寻路径
(在运行时,调用的到底是哪个 setOrigin::)
- reposition
{
...
[self setOrigin:someX :someY];
...
}
或者:
- reposition
{
...
[super setOrigin:someX :someY];
...
}
规则:
系统在解析 self 的时候,跟继承链没关系,哪个对象收到消息,self就指的是哪个对象,也就是运行时确定 self 到底指的是谁;系统在解析 super 的时候,似乎是编译时就定死了,就看 super 是在哪个类方法里出现的,然后调用其父类(或者沿着继承链向上追溯)的该方法,跟消息的接收者没关系。
2. self 在不同语境下有不同含义:
Inside an instance method, self refers to the instance; but inside a class method, self refers to the class object.
This is an example of what not to do:
+ (Rectangle *)rectangleOfColor:(NSColor *) color
{
self = [[Rectangle alloc] init]; // BAD
[self setColor:color];
return [self autorelease];
}
To avoid confusion, it’s usually better to use a variable other than self to refer to an instance inside a class
method:
+ (id)rectangleOfColor:(NSColor *)color
{
id newInstance = [[Rectangle alloc] init]; // GOOD
[newInstance setColor:color];
return [newInstance autorelease];
}
In fact, rather than sending the alloc message to the class in a class method, it’s often better to send alloc
to self. This way, if the class is subclassed, and the rectangleOfColor: message is received by a subclass,
the instance returned is the same type as the subclass(for example, the array method of NSArray is inherited
by NSMutableArray).
+ (id)rectangleOfColor:(NSColor *)color
{
id newInstance = [[self alloc] init]; // EXCELLENT
[newInstance setColor:color];
return [newInstance autorelease];
}
这些是从apple官方文档里摘录的,英文很简单,再配合例子,就没必要翻译了。