任何熟悉Hibernate的人会发现这篇指南和Glen Smith 的 A Hitchhiker's Guide to Hibernate 非常相近。这里的内容正是基于他的指南，因此所有的感谢都应该给与他。
NHibernate
的文档并非每处都和Hibernate的文档一致。然而，项目的相似应该能使读者通过读Hibernate的文档来很好的理解NHibernate如何工作。
这篇文档意在让你尽可能快的开始使用NHibernate。它将介绍如何持久化一个简单的对象到一张表里。想得到更多的复杂的例子，可以参考NUnit测试及附带代码。
我们将进行以下步骤。
1
．新建一个将要持久化.Net对象的表
2
．构建一个可以让NHibernate知道如何持久化对象属性的映射文件
3
．构建一个需要被持久化的.Net类
4
．构建一个存放NHibernater的配置文件的对像
5
．使用NHibernate的API测试你的第一个NHibernate程序新建项目
项目名称为：NHibernateSample，名字空间：OKEC.Sample.NHibernate
建立数据表
数据库为SQLServer2000，表名为：my_users
if
exists
(
select
*
from
dbo.sysobjects
where
id
=
object_id
(N
'
[dbo].[my_users]
'
)
and
OBJECTPROPERTY
(id, N
'
IsUserTable
'
)
=
1
)
drop
table
[
dbo
]
.
[
my_users
]
GO
CREATE
TABLE
[
dbo
]
.
[
my_users
]
(
[
LogonId
]
[
varchar
]
(
50
) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS
NOT
NULL
,
[
UserName
]
[
varchar
]
(
50
) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS
NULL
,
[
Password
]
[
varchar
]
(
50
) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS
NULL
,
[
EmailAddress
]
[
varchar
]
(
50
) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS
NULL
,
[
LastLogon
]
[
datetime
]
NULL
)
ON
[
PRIMARY
]
GO
ALTER
TABLE
[
dbo
]
.
[
my_users
]
ADD
CONSTRAINT
[
PK_my_users
]
PRIMARY
KEY
CLUSTERED
(
[
LogonId
]
)
ON
[
PRIMARY
]
GO
建立XML对像映射文件
现在我们有数据表和需要去映射它的.Net类。我们需要一种方式去让NHibernate知道如何从一个映射到另一个。这个任务依赖于映射文件来完成。最易于管理的办法是为每一个类写一个映射文件，如果你命名它是User.hbm.xml并且把它放在和类的同一个目录里，NHiberante将会使得事情简单起来。下面是User.hbm.xml的例子：
<
?xml version
=
"
1.0
" encoding
=
"utf
-
8
" ?
>
<
hibernate
-
mapping xmlns
=
"urn:nhibernate
-
mapping
-
2.0
"
>
<
class name
=
" OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest.
User
,NHibernateSample"
table
=
"my_users"
>
<
id name
=
"Id"
column
=
"LogonId" type
=
"String" length
=
"
20
"
>
<
generator class
=
"assigned"
/>
</
id
>
<
property name
=
"UserName"
column
=
"UserName" type
=
"String" length
=
"
40
"
/>
<
property name
=
"Password"
column
=
"Password" type
=
"String" length
=
"
20
"
/>
<
property name
=
"EmailAddress"
column
=
"EmailAddress" type
=
"String" length
=
"
40
"
/>
<
property name
=
"LastLogon"
column
=
"LastLogon" type
=
"
DateTime
"
/>
</
class
>
</
hibernate
-
mapping
>
注意事项：在Visual Studio 2003/2005中要将此文件的属性设置为“嵌入的资源”（Embedded Resource）
建立对像
对像定义：User.cs
using
System;
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for User.
/// </summary>
public class User
{
private string id;
private string userName;
private string password;
private string emailAddress;
private DateTime lastLogon;
public User()
{
}
public string Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
}
public string UserName
{
get { return userName; }
set { userName = value; }
}
public string Password
{
get { return password; }
set { password = value; }
}
public string EmailAddress
{
get { return emailAddress; }
set { emailAddress = value; }
}
public DateTime LastLogon
{
get { return lastLogon; }
set { lastLogon = value; }
}
}
}
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for User.
/// </summary>
public class User
{
private string id;
private string userName;
private string password;
private string emailAddress;
private DateTime lastLogon;
public User()
{
}
public string Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
}
public string UserName
{
get { return userName; }
set { userName = value; }
}
public string Password
{
get { return password; }
set { password = value; }
}
public string EmailAddress
{
get { return emailAddress; }
set { emailAddress = value; }
}
public DateTime LastLogon
{
get { return lastLogon; }
set { lastLogon = value; }
}
}
}
编写Nhibernate的初始化配置程序
程序名：MyConfiguration.cs
using
System;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// MyConfiguration 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class MyConfiguration
{
public MyConfiguration()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
public Configuration GetConfig()
{
try
{
Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.provider " , " NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider " );
// 请修改此行中的SQLServer的配置
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.connection_string " , " Data Source=192.168.88.15;Database=liluhua;User ID=sa;Password=sa;Trusted_Connection=False " );
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.dialect " , " NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect " );
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.driver_class " , " NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver " );
cfg.AddAssembly( " NHibernateSample " );
return cfg;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
}
return null ;
}
}
}
using NHibernate.Cfg;
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// MyConfiguration 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class MyConfiguration
{
public MyConfiguration()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
public Configuration GetConfig()
{
try
{
Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.provider " , " NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider " );
// 请修改此行中的SQLServer的配置
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.connection_string " , " Data Source=192.168.88.15;Database=liluhua;User ID=sa;Password=sa;Trusted_Connection=False " );
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.dialect " , " NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect " );
cfg.SetProperty( " hibernate.connection.driver_class " , " NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver " );
cfg.AddAssembly( " NHibernateSample " );
return cfg;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
}
return null ;
}
}
}
编写调用程序
准备好上面的一切，我们就可以开始编辑启动程序，来测试你的第一个
Nhibernate程序了。
程序名：UserFixture.cs
using
System;
using System.Collections;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using NHibernate.Expression;
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// UserFixture 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class UserFixture
{
public UserFixture()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
public void ValidateQuickStart()
{
try
{
// 得到NHibernate的配置
MyConfiguration config = new MyConfiguration();
Configuration cfg = config.GetConfig();
ISessionFactory factory = cfg.BuildSessionFactory();
ISession session = factory.OpenSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
User newUser = null ;
try
{
newUser = (User)session.Load( typeof (User), " joe_cool " );
}
catch
{
}
if (newUser == null )
{
newUser = new User();
newUser.Id = " joe_cool " ;
newUser.UserName = " Joseph Cool " ;
newUser.Password = " abc123 " ;
newUser.EmailAddress = " joe@cool.com " ;
newUser.LastLogon = DateTime.Now;
// Tell NHibernate that this object should be saved
session.Save(newUser);
}
// commit all of the changes to the DB and close the ISession
transaction.Commit();
session.Close();
// open another session to retrieve the just inserted user
session = factory.OpenSession();
User joeCool = (User)session.Load( typeof (User), " joe_cool " );
// set Joe Cool's Last Login property
joeCool.LastLogon = DateTime.Now;
// flush the changes from the Session to the Database
session.Flush();
IList recentUsers = session.CreateCriteria( typeof (User))
.Add(Expression.Gt( " LastLogon " , new DateTime( 2004 , 03 , 14 , 20 , 0 , 0 )))
.List();
foreach (User user in recentUsers)
{
// Assert.IsTrue(user.LastLogon > (new DateTime(2004, 03, 14, 20, 0, 0)) );
Console.WriteLine(user.UserName);
Console.WriteLine(user.Password);
}
session.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
using System.Collections;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using NHibernate.Expression;
namespace OKEC.Sample.NHibernate.NHibernateTest
{
/// <summary>
/// UserFixture 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class UserFixture
{
public UserFixture()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
public void ValidateQuickStart()
{
try
{
// 得到NHibernate的配置
MyConfiguration config = new MyConfiguration();
Configuration cfg = config.GetConfig();
ISessionFactory factory = cfg.BuildSessionFactory();
ISession session = factory.OpenSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
User newUser = null ;
try
{
newUser = (User)session.Load( typeof (User), " joe_cool " );
}
catch
{
}
if (newUser == null )
{
newUser = new User();
newUser.Id = " joe_cool " ;
newUser.UserName = " Joseph Cool " ;
newUser.Password = " abc123 " ;
newUser.EmailAddress = " joe@cool.com " ;
newUser.LastLogon = DateTime.Now;
// Tell NHibernate that this object should be saved
session.Save(newUser);
}
// commit all of the changes to the DB and close the ISession
transaction.Commit();
session.Close();
// open another session to retrieve the just inserted user
session = factory.OpenSession();
User joeCool = (User)session.Load( typeof (User), " joe_cool " );
// set Joe Cool's Last Login property
joeCool.LastLogon = DateTime.Now;
// flush the changes from the Session to the Database
session.Flush();
IList recentUsers = session.CreateCriteria( typeof (User))
.Add(Expression.Gt( " LastLogon " , new DateTime( 2004 , 03 , 14 , 20 , 0 , 0 )))
.List();
foreach (User user in recentUsers)
{
// Assert.IsTrue(user.LastLogon > (new DateTime(2004, 03, 14, 20, 0, 0)) );
Console.WriteLine(user.UserName);
Console.WriteLine(user.Password);
}
session.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
测试你的程序
如果运行后没有出错，显示了结果，说明你的第一个NHibernate程序成功了。
如果会如下：
Joseph Coolabc123
文档中的项目源代码请从以下地址下载：
http://tech.bokeecn.com/read.php?fid=8&tid=2&toread=1
完整的文档请下载PDF文档：
http://tech.bokeecn.com/read.php?fid=2&tid=1&toread=1
<script type=text/javascript> // </script>
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到【灌水乐园】发言
大家一起学习吧。
我会把我所学的东西慢慢贴到我的博客和我的论坛上。
http://tech.bokeecn.com
[引用提示]Dorian Deng , springdotnet.parsesoft.net引用了该文章, 地址: http://www.cnblogs.com/springdotnet/archive/2007/08/12/852329.html