Oracle 12C R1 PDB克隆实验（1）：通过已有PDB在本地克隆出新的PDB

实验目标：

• 根据现有的PDB1在本地克隆出新的PDB2

实验环境：

• 数据库：Oracle 12c R1 
• 操作系统：Oracle Linux 7.3

实验步骤：

1、查看PDB

SQL> show pdbs  

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO

2、关闭需要被克隆的PDB，并打开为只读状态[问题1]

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 open read only; 

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ ONLY  NO

3、克隆PDB

SQL> create pluggable database pdb2 from pdb1;

Pluggable database created.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ ONLY  NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED

4、打开PDB

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ ONLY  NO
         4 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO

---

可能存在问题及解决办法：

问题1、步骤2打开PDB为只读失败

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 open read only;
alter pluggable database pdb1 open read only
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-16002: database or pluggable database already open for read/write access by
another instance

解决办法：RAC环境可能会出现上述问题，需要在其他节点上都关闭需要克隆的PDB。