离线/内网环境Linux中安装python和依赖包

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 18:10:28 发布

okc_champion

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 18:10:28 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/okc_champion/article/details/121567842

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1.安装python3.8

很简单，不用解释了，照着下面操作就可以了
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.12/Python-3.8.12.tgz 
tar zxvf  Python-3.8.12.tgz -C ./ 
cd Python-3.8.12/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.8
make
make install

cd /usr/local/python3.8/bin
ls
./python3.8
quit()

为python3.8建立软连接，首先查看建立之前 /usr/bin/ 目录下的情况：
ln -s /usr/local/python3.8/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3.8
ln -s /usr/local/python3.8/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3.8

python3.8
quit()

2.离线安装依赖包

zhirong.gong@CDYF21:~/200G/python38-wheel$ python3.8 -m pip install crypto-1.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Processing ./crypto-1.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7f6811f187c0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败')': /simple/naked/

这里遇到两个报错：

第一个是site-packages不可写入，解决方法是加上--target=/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages

如：

python3.8 -m pip install paramiko-2.8.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl --target=/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages

第二个是Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败，解决方法是加上 --no-index

如：

python3.8 -m pip install cryptography-3.3-cp36-abi3-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl --no-index

接下来继续安装，又遇到一个报错

ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [Errno 13] 权限不够: '_constant_time.abi3.so'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

解决方法是加上 --user

如：

python3.8 -m pip install cryptography-3.3-cp36-abi3-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl --no-index --user

（pip默认将Python包安装到系统目录(例如/usr/local/lib/python3.8).这需要root访问权限.

–user会在您的主目录中生成pip安装包,而不需要任何特殊权限.）