http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23065002-id-3016766.html
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <assert.h>
- #include <getopt.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <errno.h>
- #include <malloc.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #include <sys/mman.h>
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #include <asm/types.h>
- #include <linux/videodev2.h>
- #define CLEAR(x) memset (&(x), 0, sizeof (x))
- struct buffer {
- void * start;
- size_t length;
- };
- static char * dev_name = "/dev/video0";//摄像头设备名
- static int fd = -1;
- struct buffer * buffers = NULL;
- static unsigned int n_buffers = 0;
- FILE *file_fd;
- static unsigned long file_length;
- static unsigned char *file_name;
- //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- //获取一帧数据
- //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- static int read_frame (void)
- {
- struct v4l2_buffer buf;
- unsigned int i;
- CLEAR (buf);
- buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
- ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &buf); //出列采集的帧缓冲
- assert (buf.index < n_buffers);
- printf ("buf.index dq is %d,\n",buf.index);
- fwrite(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused, 1, file_fd); //将其写入文件中
- ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf); //再将其入列
- return 1;
- }
- int main (int argc,char ** argv)
- {
- struct v4l2_capability cap;
- struct v4l2_format fmt;
- unsigned int i;
- enum v4l2_buf_type type;
- file_fd = fopen("test-mmap.jpg", "w");//图片文件名
- fd = open (dev_name, O_RDWR /* required */ | O_NONBLOCK, 0);//打开设备
- ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &cap);//获取摄像头参数
- CLEAR (fmt);
- fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- fmt.fmt.pix.width = 320;
- fmt.fmt.pix.height = 240;
- fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
- fmt.fmt.pix.field = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
- ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &fmt); //设置图像格式
- file_length = fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline * fmt.fmt.pix.height; //计算图片大小
- struct v4l2_requestbuffers req;
- CLEAR (req);
- req.count = 4;
- req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
- ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &req); //申请缓冲,count是申请的数量
- if (req.count < 2)
- printf("Insufficient buffer memory\n");
- buffers = calloc (req.count, sizeof (*buffers));//内存中建立对应空间
- for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers < req.count; ++n_buffers)
- {
- struct v4l2_buffer buf; //驱动中的一帧
- CLEAR (buf);
- buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
- buf.index = n_buffers;
- if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &buf)) //映射用户空间
- printf ("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF error\n");
- buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
- buffers[n_buffers].start = mmap (NULL /* start anywhere */, //通过mmap建立映射关系
- buf.length,
- PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE /* required */,
- MAP_SHARED /* recommended */,
- fd, buf.m.offset);
- if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start)
- printf ("mmap failed\n");
- }
- for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i)
- {
- struct v4l2_buffer buf;
- CLEAR (buf);
- buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
- buf.index = i;
- if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf))//申请到的缓冲进入列队
- printf ("VIDIOC_QBUF failed\n");
- }
- type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
- if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type)) //开始捕捉图像数据
- printf ("VIDIOC_STREAMON failed\n");
- for (i = 0; i < 1; i++) //这一段涉及到异步IO
- {
- fd_set fds;
- struct timeval tv;
- int r;
- FD_ZERO (&fds);//将指定的文件描述符集清空
- FD_SET (fd, &fds);//在文件描述符集合中增加一个新的文件描述符
- /* Timeout. */
- tv.tv_sec = 2;
- tv.tv_usec = 0;
- r = select (fd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);//判断是否可读(即摄像头是否准备好),tv是定时
- if (-1 == r) {
- if (EINTR == errno)
- continue;
- printf ("select err\n");
- }
- if (0 == r) {
- fprintf (stderr, "select timeout\n");
- exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
- }
- if (read_frame ())//如果可读,执行read_frame ()函数,并跳出循环
- break;
- }
- unmap:
- for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i)
- if (-1 == munmap (buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length))
- printf ("munmap error");
- close (fd);
- fclose (file_fd);
- exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
- return 0;
- }
转载自:http://daimajishu.iteye.com/blog/1085484