getopt_long 命令参数解析函数欣赏

getopt_long 命令参数解析函数欣赏

函数 原型	#include <getopt.h> int getopt_long(int  argc, char * const  argv[],  const char *optstring, const struct option *longopts, int *longindex);
输入 参数	int argc: 输入参数个数，包括可执行项
	char * const argv[]：输入参数字符串指针数组，没个元素对应各个参数
	const char *optstring：指向短参数常量的指针(参看例子) h,单字符，只表示一个选项 v:r:b:,单字符后接冒号，表示必须跟参数，且紧跟字符后或用空格隔开,   该参数指针赋值给optarg
	const struct option *longopts：指向结构体长参数常量的指针(参看例子) struct option{  const char *name;  //长参数名  int has_arg; //有三类参数，如下所示  int *flag;  //NULL，返回长参数对对应短参数名  int val; // getopt_long返回值(实际与flag综合决定) }; no_argument(或者是0)，表示该参数后面不跟参数值 required_argument(或者是1),表示该参数后面一定要跟个参数值 optional_argument(或者是2),表示该参数后面可以跟，也可以不跟参数值
	int *longindex：通常为NULL
输出 参数	参数全部解析完成，返回-1

 

应用实例

下面是本人在DM6446项目中使用的代码，供大家学习.

/*
 ============================================================================
 Name        : getopt_long.c
 Author      : sinonon
 Version     : v0.0
 Copyright   : Your copyright notice
 Description : getopt_long in C, Ansi-style
 ============================================================================
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <getopt.h> 

#define __DEBUG
/* Enables or disables debug output */
#ifdef __DEBUG
#define DBG(fmt, args...) fprintf(stderr, "XJTU_Encode: " fmt, ## args)
#else
#define DBG(fmt, args...)
#endif
#define ERR(fmt, args...) fprintf(stderr, "XJTU_EncodeError: " fmt, ## args) 

static void usage(void)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: encode [options]\n\n"
      "Options:\n"
      "-v | --videofile   Video file to record to\n"
      "-r | --resolution  Video resolution ('width'x'height') [720x576]\n"
      "-b | --bitrate     Bit rate to encode video at [variable]\n"
      "-t | --time        Number of seconds to run the demo [infinite]\n"
      "-h | --help        Print this message\n\n"
      "You must supply  a video file or\n"
      "with appropriate extensions for the file formats.\n\n");
} 

/******************************************************************************
 * parseArgs
 ******************************************************************************/

static void parseArgs(int argc, char *argv[])
{
const char shortOptions[] = "v:r:b:t:h";

const struct option longOptions[]={
	{"videofile", required_argument, NULL, 'v'},
	{"resolution", required_argument, NULL, 'r'},
	{"videobitrate", required_argument, NULL, 'b'},
	{"time", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
	{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
	{0, 0, 0, 0}
};

    int     c;
    char   *extension;
    int     imageWidth;
    int     imageHeight;
    for (;;) {
	if(argc<2) {ERR("Input parameters error!\n"); break;}        

	c = getopt_long(argc, argv, shortOptions, longOptions,NULL); 

        if (c == -1) {
		break;
	}
        switch (c) {
            case 0:
                break;            

            case 'v':
                extension = rindex(optarg, '.');

                if (extension == NULL) {
                    DBG("Video file without extension: %s\n", optarg);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                if (strcmp(extension, ".264") == 0) {
                    DBG("Init menu videoEncoder=H264_VIDEO_ENCODER\n ");
                }
                else if (strcmp(extension, ".mpeg4") == 0) {
		    DBG("Init menu videoEncoder=MPEG4_VIDEO_ENCODER\n ");
                }
                else {
                    ERR("Unknown video file extension: %s\n",extension);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;            

            case 'r':
                if (sscanf(optarg, "%dx%d", &imageWidth,&imageHeight) != 2) {
                    ERR("Invalid resolution supplied (%s)\n",optarg);
                    usage();
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }

		DBG("Video resolution : %d x %d\n", imageWidth, imageHeight);
                break; 

            case 'b':
                DBG("videoBitRate: %d.\n",atoi(optarg));
                break;

            case 't':
                DBG("time: %d.\n",atoi(optarg));
                break;

            case 'h':
                usage();
                exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

            default:
                usage();
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
} 

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   parseArgs(argc,argv);
   return 0;
}

代码测试