双向关联(Bidirectional associations)
一对多(one to many) / 多对一(many to one)
双向多对一关联 是最常见的关联关系。(这也是标准的父/子关联关系。)
<class name="Person">
<id name="id" column="personId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<many-to-one name="address"
column="addressId"
not-null="true"/>
</class>
<class name="Address">
<id name="id" column="addressId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<set name="people" inverse="true">
<key column="addressId"/>
<one-to-many class="Person"/>
</set>
</class>
create table Person ( personId bigint not null primary key, addressId bigint not null )
create table Address ( addressId bigint not null primary key )
如果你使用List(或者其他有序集合类),你需要设置外键对应的key列为 not null,让Hibernate来从集合端管理关联,维护每个元素的索引(通过设置update="false" and insert="false"来对另一端反向操作)。
<class name="Person">
<id name="id"/>
...
<many-to-one name="address"
column="addressId"
not-null="true"
insert="false"
update="false"/>
</class>
<class name="Address">
<id name="id"/>
...
<list name="people">
<key column="addressId" not-null="true"/>
<list-index column="peopleIdx"/>
<one-to-many class="Person"/>
</list>
</class>
假若集合映射的<key>元素对应的底层外键字段是NOT NULL的,那么为这一key元素定义not-null="true"是很重要的。不要仅仅为可能的嵌套<column>元素定义not-null="true",<key>元素也是需要的。
一对一(one to one)
基于外键关联的双向一对一关联也很常见。
<class name="Person">
<id name="id" column="personId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<many-to-one name="address"
column="addressId"
unique="true"
not-null="true"/>
</class>
<class name="Address">
<id name="id" column="addressId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<one-to-one name="person"
property-ref="address"/>
</class>
create table Person ( personId bigint not null primary key, addressId bigint not null unique )
create table Address ( addressId bigint not null primary key )
基于主键关联的一对一关联需要使用特定的id生成器。
<class name="Person">
<id name="id" column="personId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<one-to-one name="address"/>
</class>
<class name="Address">
<id name="id" column="personId">
<generator class="foreign">
<param name="property">person</param>
</generator>
</id>
<one-to-one name="person"
constrained="true"/>
</class>
create table Person ( personId bigint not null primary key )
create table Address ( personId bigint not null primary key )