有理数类的设计

题目要求

仿照BigDecimal类以面向对象的方式设计有理数类。
给出完整的有理数类的代码。
给出你的测试代码
要在不同包的其他类中调用有理数类。

• 注意：类名、变量名命名需符合Java规范。

源代码

package Rational;

public class RationalNum {
	private int molecule;
	private int denominator;

	public RationalNum(int molecule,int denominator) {
		this.molecule = molecule;
		this.denominator = denominator;
		if(this.denominator==0) { //分母为0时需要强制退出；
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("分母不可为0！");
		}
	}
	public int getNumerator() {
		return molecule;
	}
	public void setNumerator(int molecule) {
		this.molecule = molecule;
	}
	public int getDenominator() {
		return denominator;
	}
	public void setDenominator(int denominator) {
		this.denominator = denominator;
	}
	public int gcd() { // 约分
		int t, m, n;
		m = this.denominator;
		n = this.molecule;
		if (n == 0) {
			return 0;
		}
		while (m % n != 0) {
			t = n;
			n = m % n;
			m = t;
		}
		this.denominator /= n;
		this.molecule /= n;
		return n;
	}

	public RationalNum add(RationalNum num) { // 加法
		int numerator, denominator;
		denominator = num.denominator * this.denominator;
		numerator = num.denominator * this.molecule + num.molecule * this.denominator;
		RationalNum result = new RationalNum(numerator, denominator);
		result.gcd();
		return result;
	}
	public RationalNum subtraction(RationalNum num) { // 减法
		int numerator, denominator;

		denominator = num.denominator * this.denominator;
		numerator = this.molecule * num.denominator - num.molecule * this.denominator;
		RationalNum result = new RationalNum(numerator, denominator);
		result.gcd();
		return result;
	}
	public RationalNum multiply(RationalNum num) { // 乘法

		int numerator = this.molecule * num.molecule;
		int denominator = this.denominator * num.denominator;
		RationalNum result = new RationalNum(numerator, denominator);
		result.gcd();
		return result;
	}
	public RationalNum division(RationalNum num) { // 除法
		if (num.molecule != 0) {
			int denominator = this.denominator * num.molecule;
			int numerator = this.molecule * num.denominator;
			RationalNum result = new RationalNum(numerator, denominator);
			result.gcd();
			return result;
		} else 
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("除数不可为0！");
	}
	public RationalNum abs() { // 绝对值
		int d,m;
		if (this.denominator < 0) d = -this.denominator;
		else d = this.denominator;
		
		if (this.molecule < 0) m = -this.molecule;
		else m = this.molecule;
		RationalNum result = new RationalNum(m, d);
		return result;
	}
	public boolean equals(RationalNum num) { //是否相等；
		RationalNum temp1 = new RationalNum(this.molecule, this.denominator);
		RationalNum temp2 = new RationalNum(num.molecule, num.denominator);
		temp1.gcd();
		temp2.gcd();
		if (temp1.denominator == temp2.denominator && temp1.molecule == temp2.molecule) return true;
		else return false;
	}
	public double doubleValue() { 
		return (double) this.molecule / this.denominator;
	}
	public int intValue() { 
		return this.molecule / this.denominator;
	}
	public String toString() {
		if(this.molecule==0)return 0+"";
		else if(this.denominator==1)return this.molecule+"";
		else if(this.denominator==-1)return "-"+this.molecule;
		else return this.molecule + "/" + this.denominator;
	}
}

测试样例

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入两个有理数的分子和分母：");
		RationalNum x = new RationalNum(in.nextInt(), in.nextInt());
		RationalNum y = new RationalNum(in.nextInt(), in.nextInt());
		System.out.println("|x| = " + x.abs());
        System.out.println("x = " + x);
        System.out.println("y = " + y);
        System.out.println("x + y = " + x.add(y));
        System.out.println("x - y = " + x.subtraction(y));
        System.out.println("x * y = " + x.multiply(y));
        System.out.println("x / y = " + x.division(y));
        System.out.println("x的int    型 " + x.intValue());
        System.out.println("x的double 型 " + x.doubleValue());
		in.close();
	}
}

提出问题

1. 与c语言的有理数代码相比较,为什么你设计的类更加面向对象?
   c语言更偏于面向过程，着重强调运算过程，而Java则是面向对象，对于对象进行一系列操作，编写类，方便对象使用。

2. 尝试从代码复用的角度来描述你设计的有理数类

1.别人如何复用你的代码

直接把代码发给别人，或者打包成.jar供别人使用

2.别人的代码是否依赖你的有理数类的内部属性?当你的有理数类的属性修改时,是否会影响他人调用你有理数类的代码?

依赖于有理数内部属性，因为代码并不没有面向所有情况而写，有理数的输入是有一定条件的；
属性修改后，可能是另一种计算情况。

3.有理数类的public方法是否设置合适?为什么有的方法设置为private?

设置为public，就是为了方便其他包使用；
设置为private是为了实现数据封装，不让别人用或者修改你的数据,比较安全。

马克-to-win：我并不知道未来外部别人怎么用我们的接口，所以尽量少给别人设置障碍（少添点堵），就设置权限为public，出于这种考虑，Sun公司一开始就规定，接口属性和方法默认就为public。