<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>无标题文档</title> <script> window.onload = function() { var oUl = document.getElementById('ul1'); //alert(oUl.firstElementChild) var oFirst = oUl.firstElementChild || oUl.firstChild; //alert(oFirst) /*if ( oFirst ) { oFirst.style.background = 'red'; } else { alert( '没有子节点可以设置' ); }*/ if ( oUl.children[0] ) { oUl.children[0].style.background = 'red'; } else { alert( '没有子节点可以设置' ); } } </script> </head> <body> <ul id="ul1"> </ul> </body> </html>