Java高级编程基础——反射Reflaction——动态代理

静态代理

编译期间，代理类和被代理类就已经确定

静态代理举例

interface ClothFactory {
    void produceCloth();

}

//代理类
class ProxyClothFactory implements ClothFactory {

    private ClothFactory factory;//用被代理类进行实例化

    public ProxyClothFactory(ClothFactory factory) {
        this.factory = factory;
    }

    @Override
    public void produceCloth() {

        System.out.println("代理工程在进行准备工作");
        factory.produceCloth();
        System.out.println("代理工厂收尾工作");
    }
}

//被代理类1
class NikeCloth implements ClothFactory{


    @Override
    public void produceCloth() {
        System.out.println("耐克工厂正在生产");
    }
}

//被代理类2
class AdidasCloth implements ClothFactory{


    @Override
    public void produceCloth() {
        System.out.println("阿迪达斯工厂正在生产");
    }
}


public class StaticProxyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建被代理类对象
        NikeCloth nikeCloth = new NikeCloth();
        AdidasCloth adidasCloth = new AdidasCloth();


        //创建代理类对象
        ProxyClothFactory proxyClothFactory1 = new ProxyClothFactory(nikeCloth);
        ProxyClothFactory proxyClothFactory2 = new ProxyClothFactory(adidasCloth);


        proxyClothFactory1.produceCloth();
        proxyClothFactory2.produceCloth();

    }

}

动态代理

编译期间，被代理类是不确定的，且没有实际定义的代理类

动态代理举例

接口和两个被代理类

interface Human {
    String getBelief();

    void eat(String food);

}

//被代理类
class Superman implements Human {

    @Override
    public String getBelief() {
        return "I believe I can save the world!";
    }

    @Override
    public void eat(String food) {

        System.out.println(("Superman like eat\t" + food));

    }
}

//被代理类
class NormalPeople implements Human {

    @Override
    public String getBelief() {
        return "I believe I can be successful!";
    }

    @Override
    public void eat(String food) {

        System.out.println(("Normal People like eat\t" + food));

    }
}

要实现动态代理，需要解决的问题

问题一：如何根据加载到内存中的被代理类，动态的创建一个代理类及其对象
问题二：当通过代理类的对象调用方法时，如何动态地调用被代理类中的同名方法

动态构造代理类

class ProxyFactory {
    //调用此方法返回一个代理类的对象。解决问题一
    public static Object getProxyInstance(Object obj) {//obj：被代理的对象
        MyInvocationHandler handler = new MyInvocationHandler();

        handler.bind(obj);

        //Proxy.newProxyInstance()创建一个代理类对象
        //参数一：被代理类的加载器；参数二：被代理类的接口；参数三：被代理类的
        Object o = Proxy.newProxyInstance(obj.getClass().getClassLoader(), obj.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
        return o;


    }

}

InvocationHandler接口实现类

class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {

    private Object obj;//需要使用被代理类的对象进行赋值

    public void bind(Object obj) {
        this.obj = obj;
    }

    //当我们通过代理类的对象调用方法A时，就会自动调用如下的方法 invoke()
    //将被代理类要执行的方法A要执行的功能声明在invoke()中
    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {

        //method:即为代理类对象调用的方法，此方法也就作为了被代理类要调用的方法
        //obj：被代理类的对象
        Object returnValue = method.invoke(obj, args);
        //上述方法的返回值就作为当前类中的invoke()的返回值，
        return returnValue;
    }
}

main方法测试：

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Human human = null;
        //proxyInstance :代理类的对象
        int m = 1;int n = 2;
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

            int number = (int)Math.round(Math.random()*(n-m) + m);
            switch (number){
                case 1 :
                    human = new Superman();
                    break;
                case 2 :
                    human = new NormalPeople();
                    break;
            }
            Human proxyInstance = (Human) ProxyFactory.getProxyInstance(human);
            System.out.print(proxyInstance.getBelief());
            proxyInstance.eat("hotpot");

        }

    }

输出：

I believe I can be successful!Normal People like eat	hotpot
I believe I can save the world!Superman like eat	hotpot
I believe I can be successful!Normal People like eat	hotpot
I believe I can be successful!Normal People like eat	hotpot
I believe I can save the world!Superman like eat	hotpot

进一步理解动态代理可以参照AOP实现技术