封装控件在iOS开发中是常遇到的事,如果项目比较赶的话,我们可以用别人写好的开源项目,但是对于技术提升来说,最好还是自己封装,这是一个app的模仿,我们的目的就是要提高技术水平,所以尝试封装一下。记录自己的思路,有时间对比一下别人的思路,可以收获更多,当然自己思考在前,免得受到别人的影响。下面就这个项目而言,我们封装一下分段选择栏。
基本看一下app就会发现分段选择栏在多处被用到了。分析一下它们的特点,找出共性,这样方便设计出可复用的组件。我们来列一下它们的共同点:
1)和TabBar一样,每个小按钮都是可选择的,并且有选择效果。
2)布局上是等分布局。
3)选择时下面的线有滑动动画。
4)除了点击子项目外,滑动下面的View也可以切换选择。
5)点击后除了自身的点击效果,还可以添加处理事件。
然后我们看一下它们的不同点,这样方便我们设计接口时确定参数。不同点如下:
1)标题和标题的个数不同。
2)下滑线的长度不同。
3)字体大小(提高扩展性能,我们让颜色也是可选择的)
4)再多观察一下,可能不全部是等分布局。子项目太多的时候,标题长度是不一样,而且可能会超出屏幕。
到这里我们可以给出几个初步设计方案了。
1)直接封装一个UIView的子类,在UIView上添加子项目,能够处理点击时间,子项目选择UIButton。
2)考虑到超出屏幕的时候需要滑动,所以选择UIScrollView可能更好。
3)但是再考虑一下复用的问题,我们可不可以尝试一下UICollectionView。
当然上面的思路也只是一个初步的设计。
经过仔细考虑,设计类FDSegment,设计过程:
1)对基本UI元素的设计,我们选择继承UIScrollView,这样可以实现滑动效果,而且布局上并不复杂,选择用UICollectionView有点浪费。
2)布局不用自动布局这种方式,因为我们希望封装的空间能够直接提取出来,所以要尽量不去依赖其他开源项目(自动布局的话Masonry比较好用),而且自动布局效率比较低。对于本项目中的分段选择栏的实现,布局上照考虑的是Item的宽度问题。由于不是所有情况都是等分的,所有我们需要设计一个设置Item宽度的接口,这种情况和UITableView设置cell的高度的情况极为类似,所以我们参考UITableView的设计,设计一个dataSource的代理。同样我们可以将titles做为数据源,放在代理中。
3)
其代码如下:
//
// FDSegment.h
// Himalayan
//
// Created by fdd_zhangou on 16/3/7.
// Copyright © 2016年 fdd_zhangou. All rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class FDSegment;
@protocol FDSegmentDataSource<NSObject>
- (NSArray *)titlesForSegment:(FDSegment *)segment;
- (CGFloat)segment:(FDSegment *)segment widthForItemAtIndex:(NSInteger)index;
- (CGFloat)segment:(FDSegment *)segment widthForIndicatorAtIndex:(NSInteger)index;
@end
@protocol FDSegmentDelegate<NSObject>
- (void)segment:(FDSegment *)segment didSelectedItemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index;
@end
@protocol FDSegmentDataSource;
@protocol FDSegmentDelegate;
@interface FDSegment : UIScrollView
@property (nonatomic) NSUInteger seletedIndex;
@property (nonatomic) CGFloat heightForIndicator;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<FDSegmentDataSource> dataSource;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<FDSegmentDelegate> delegate;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIFont *font;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *textColor;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *selectedColor;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITableView *tableView;
// FDSegment.h
// Himalayan
//
// Created by fdd_zhangou on 16/3/7.
// Copyright © 2016年 fdd_zhangou. All rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class FDSegment;
@protocol FDSegmentDataSource<NSObject>
- (NSArray *)titlesForSegment:(FDSegment *)segment;
- (CGFloat)segment:(FDSegment *)segment widthForItemAtIndex:(NSInteger)index;
- (CGFloat)segment:(FDSegment *)segment widthForIndicatorAtIndex:(NSInteger)index;
@end
@protocol FDSegmentDelegate<NSObject>
- (void)segment:(FDSegment *)segment didSelectedItemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index;
@end
@protocol FDSegmentDataSource;
@protocol FDSegmentDelegate;
@interface FDSegment : UIScrollView
@property (nonatomic) NSUInteger seletedIndex;
@property (nonatomic) CGFloat heightForIndicator;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<FDSegmentDataSource> dataSource;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<FDSegmentDelegate> delegate;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIFont *font;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *textColor;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *selectedColor;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITableView *tableView;
- (void)reloadData;
@end
//
// FDSegment.m
// Himalayan
//
// Created by fdd_zhangou on 16/3/7.
// Copyright © 2016年 fdd_zhangou. All rights reserved.
//
#import "FDSegment.h"
#import "NSString+Extension.h"
@interface FDSegment ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *titles;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *items;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *indicator;
@property (nonatomic) CGFloat height;
@end
@implementation FDSegment
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
self.contentSize = frame.size;
self.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;
self.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;
}
return self;
}
- (void)layoutSubviews
{
if (self.titles){
CGFloat x = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < self.titles.count; i++)
{
UIButton *item = [self itemAtIndex:i];
if (!item.superview )
{
[self addSubview:item];
}
item.frame = CGRectMake(x, 0, [self widthForItemAtIndex:i], self.height - self.heightForIndicator);
x += item.frame.size.width;
}
self.contentSize = CGSizeMake(x, self.frame.size.height);
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
UIView *selectedItem = [self itemAtIndex:self.seletedIndex];
CGFloat centerX = selectedItem.center.x;
if (!self.indicator.superview)
{
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
}
self.indicator.frame = CGRectMake(centerX - [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:self.seletedIndex]/2 , self.height - self.heightForIndicator, [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:self.seletedIndex] ,self.heightForIndicator);
}
}
- (CGFloat)widthForItemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:widthForItemAtIndex:)])
{
return [self.dataSource segment:self widthForItemAtIndex:index];
}
return self.frame.size.width/self.titles.count;
}
- (CGFloat)widthForIndicatorAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:widthForIndicatorAtIndex:)])
{
return [self.dataSource segment:self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:index];
}
UIButton *item = [self.items objectAtIndex:index];
NSString *title = [self.titles objectAtIndex:index];
UIFont *font = [item.titleLabel font];
return [self string:title sizeWithFont:font maxSize:CGSizeMake(MAXFLOAT, MAXFLOAT)].width + 2;
}
- (CGFloat)heightForIndicator
{
if (_heightForIndicator > 0) {
return _heightForIndicator;
}
return 2;
}
- (void)setSeletedIndex:(NSUInteger)seletedIndex
{
_seletedIndex = seletedIndex;
for (int i = 0; i < self.titles.count; i++) {
UIButton *item = [self itemAtIndex:i];
if (_seletedIndex == item.tag)
{
item.selected = YES;
}
else
{
item.selected = NO;
}
}
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.1 animations:^{
UIView *selectedItem = [self itemAtIndex:_seletedIndex];
CGFloat centerX = selectedItem.center.x;
if (!self.indicator.superview)
{
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
}
self.indicator.frame = CGRectMake(centerX - [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:_seletedIndex]/2 , self.height - self.heightForIndicator, [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:_seletedIndex] ,self.heightForIndicator);
}];
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:didSelectedItemAtIndex:)])
{
[self.delegate segment:self didSelectedItemAtIndex:seletedIndex];
}
}
#pragma -mark
- (NSMutableArray *)items
{
if (!_items) {
_items = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
}
return _items;
}
- (NSMutableArray *)titles
{
if (!_titles) {
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(titlesForSegment:)])
{
_titles = [[self.dataSource titlesForSegment:self] mutableCopy];
}
else
{
NSLog(@"must set titles for segment");
}
}
return _titles;
}
- (UIView *)indicator
{
if (!_indicator) {
_indicator = [[UIView alloc] init];
_indicator.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];//默认颜色
}
return _indicator;
}
- (UIButton *)itemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (index >= self.items.count) {
UIButton *item = [[UIButton alloc] init];
[item setTitle:[self.titles objectAtIndex:index] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[item setTitle:[self.titles objectAtIndex:index] forState:UIControlStateSelected];
[item setTitleColor:[UIColor grayColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[item setTitleColor:self.selectedColor forState:UIControlStateSelected];
[item addTarget:self action:@selector(selectedItem:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
item.tag = index;
[self.items addObject:item];
}
return [self.items objectAtIndex:index];
}
- (void)selectedItem:(UIButton *)item
{
self.seletedIndex = item.tag;
}
- (void)reloadData
{
self.titles = nil;
}
- (UIColor *)selectedColor
{
if (!_selectedColor) {
_selectedColor = [UIColor redColor];
}
return _selectedColor;
}
- (CGFloat)height
{
return self.frame.size.height;
}
-(CGSize)string:(NSString *)string sizeWithFont:(UIFont *)font maxSize:(CGSize)maxSize
{
NSDictionary *attrs = @{NSFontAttributeName : font};
return [string boundingRectWithSize:maxSize options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin attributes:attrs context:nil].size;
}
@end
// FDSegment.m
// Himalayan
//
// Created by fdd_zhangou on 16/3/7.
// Copyright © 2016年 fdd_zhangou. All rights reserved.
//
#import "FDSegment.h"
#import "NSString+Extension.h"
@interface FDSegment ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *titles;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *items;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *indicator;
@property (nonatomic) CGFloat height;
@end
@implementation FDSegment
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
self.contentSize = frame.size;
self.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;
self.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;
}
return self;
}
- (void)layoutSubviews
{
if (self.titles){
CGFloat x = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < self.titles.count; i++)
{
UIButton *item = [self itemAtIndex:i];
if (!item.superview )
{
[self addSubview:item];
}
item.frame = CGRectMake(x, 0, [self widthForItemAtIndex:i], self.height - self.heightForIndicator);
x += item.frame.size.width;
}
self.contentSize = CGSizeMake(x, self.frame.size.height);
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
UIView *selectedItem = [self itemAtIndex:self.seletedIndex];
CGFloat centerX = selectedItem.center.x;
if (!self.indicator.superview)
{
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
}
self.indicator.frame = CGRectMake(centerX - [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:self.seletedIndex]/2 , self.height - self.heightForIndicator, [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:self.seletedIndex] ,self.heightForIndicator);
}
}
- (CGFloat)widthForItemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:widthForItemAtIndex:)])
{
return [self.dataSource segment:self widthForItemAtIndex:index];
}
return self.frame.size.width/self.titles.count;
}
- (CGFloat)widthForIndicatorAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:widthForIndicatorAtIndex:)])
{
return [self.dataSource segment:self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:index];
}
UIButton *item = [self.items objectAtIndex:index];
NSString *title = [self.titles objectAtIndex:index];
UIFont *font = [item.titleLabel font];
return [self string:title sizeWithFont:font maxSize:CGSizeMake(MAXFLOAT, MAXFLOAT)].width + 2;
}
- (CGFloat)heightForIndicator
{
if (_heightForIndicator > 0) {
return _heightForIndicator;
}
return 2;
}
- (void)setSeletedIndex:(NSUInteger)seletedIndex
{
_seletedIndex = seletedIndex;
for (int i = 0; i < self.titles.count; i++) {
UIButton *item = [self itemAtIndex:i];
if (_seletedIndex == item.tag)
{
item.selected = YES;
}
else
{
item.selected = NO;
}
}
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.1 animations:^{
UIView *selectedItem = [self itemAtIndex:_seletedIndex];
CGFloat centerX = selectedItem.center.x;
if (!self.indicator.superview)
{
[self addSubview:self.indicator];
}
self.indicator.frame = CGRectMake(centerX - [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:_seletedIndex]/2 , self.height - self.heightForIndicator, [self widthForIndicatorAtIndex:_seletedIndex] ,self.heightForIndicator);
}];
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(segment:didSelectedItemAtIndex:)])
{
[self.delegate segment:self didSelectedItemAtIndex:seletedIndex];
}
}
#pragma -mark
- (NSMutableArray *)items
{
if (!_items) {
_items = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
}
return _items;
}
- (NSMutableArray *)titles
{
if (!_titles) {
if (self.dataSource && [self.dataSource respondsToSelector:@selector(titlesForSegment:)])
{
_titles = [[self.dataSource titlesForSegment:self] mutableCopy];
}
else
{
NSLog(@"must set titles for segment");
}
}
return _titles;
}
- (UIView *)indicator
{
if (!_indicator) {
_indicator = [[UIView alloc] init];
_indicator.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];//默认颜色
}
return _indicator;
}
- (UIButton *)itemAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (index >= self.items.count) {
UIButton *item = [[UIButton alloc] init];
[item setTitle:[self.titles objectAtIndex:index] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[item setTitle:[self.titles objectAtIndex:index] forState:UIControlStateSelected];
[item setTitleColor:[UIColor grayColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[item setTitleColor:self.selectedColor forState:UIControlStateSelected];
[item addTarget:self action:@selector(selectedItem:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
item.tag = index;
[self.items addObject:item];
}
return [self.items objectAtIndex:index];
}
- (void)selectedItem:(UIButton *)item
{
self.seletedIndex = item.tag;
}
- (void)reloadData
{
self.titles = nil;
}
- (UIColor *)selectedColor
{
if (!_selectedColor) {
_selectedColor = [UIColor redColor];
}
return _selectedColor;
}
- (CGFloat)height
{
return self.frame.size.height;
}
-(CGSize)string:(NSString *)string sizeWithFont:(UIFont *)font maxSize:(CGSize)maxSize
{
NSDictionary *attrs = @{NSFontAttributeName : font};
return [string boundingRectWithSize:maxSize options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin attributes:attrs context:nil].size;
}
@end
效果如下:
上面两种情况,分别对应开始我们看到的几个页面中的分段选择栏的情况。是基本满足目前的要求的,关于超出屏幕的内容,需要滑动效果的,也基本实现了,但是可能有些小瑕疵,我们后面具体遇到了再解决。
本文介绍了在iOS项目中模仿喜马拉雅APP封装分段选择器的过程,通过分析特点,设计了FDSegment类,继承自UIScrollView,实现了自定义布局和点击事件处理。详细讲解了类的设计思想和代码实现,包括数据源协议和滑动动画效果。

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