Java 高精度运算

Java中有两个类可以来处理高精度的计算

分别是处理整数的BigInteger和处理小数的BigDecimal

BigInteger 只可用于整数

构造方法

BigInteger(byte[] val) 
将包含BigInteger的二进制补码二进制表达式的字节数组转换为BigInteger 
BigInteger(int numBits, Random rnd) 
构造一个随机生成的BigInteger，均匀分布在0到（2 numBits - 1）的范围内。  
BigInteger(String val) 
将BigInteger的十进制字符串表示形式转换为BigInteger。   

加法 add( )

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.io.*;

public class Main {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        
        BigInteger a = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        BigInteger b = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.add(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

减法 subtract( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class Main {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigInteger a = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        BigInteger b = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.subtract(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

乘法 multiply( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class Main {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigInteger a = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        BigInteger b = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.multiply(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

除法 divideAndRemainder( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class Main {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigInteger a = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        BigInteger b = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        //divide 返回值为 a/b
        BigInteger[] c = a.divideAndRemainder(b); //返回值为数组，分别为a/b和a%b
        System.out.println(c[0]);
        System.out.println(c[1]);
        reader.close();
    }
}

取余 mod( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigInteger a = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        BigInteger b = new BigInteger(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.mod(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

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BigDecimal 处理浮点数运算

构造方法

BigDecimal(char[] in) 
一个转换的字符数组表示 BigDecimal成 BigDecimal ，接受字符作为的相同序列 BigDecimal(String)构造。  
BigDecimal(char[] in, int offset, int len) 
一个转换的字符数组表示 BigDecimal成 BigDecimal ，接受字符作为的相同序列 BigDecimal(String)构造，同时允许一个子阵列被指定。    
BigDecimal(double val) 
将 double转换为 BigDecimal ，这是 double的二进制浮点值的精确十进制表示 
BigDecimal(int val)
将 int成 BigDecimal
BigDecimal(long val) 
将 long成 BigDecimal
BigDecimal(String val)  

加法 add( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigDecimal a = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.add(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

取余 remainder( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigDecimal a = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.remainder(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}

除法 divide( )

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BigDecimal a = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(reader.readLine());
        System.out.println(a.divide(b));
        reader.close();
    }
}