centos7.6+nextcloud16.0.1+php7.2部署笔记

本文介绍如何在 CentOS 7.6 服务器中安装和配置最新版本的 Nextcloud 16.0.1，部署基于 mariadb、Nginx 和 PHP7.2-FPM 。全部使用yum包安装

一、系统准备

1、最小化安装centos7.6

2、将yum源更改为国内源，并添加epel源。建议使用utsc提供的源。

二、安装nginx和php

1、安装nginx

[root@pan ~]# yum -y install nginx

2、安装php7.2

[root@pan ~]#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

[root@pan ~]# yum -y install php72w-fpm php72w-cli php72w-gd  php72w-mysql php72w-pear php72w-xml php72w-mbstring php72w-pdo php72w-json php72w-pecl-apcu

3、配置php-fpm

[root@pan ~]# vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

.
.
.
user = nginx                                   //将用户和组都改为nginx
group = nginx
.
.
.
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000                        //注意：php-fpm所监听的端口为9000
.
.
.
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME                     //去掉下面几行注释
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp

4、在/var/lib目录下为session路径创建一个新的文件夹，并将用户名和组设为nginx

[root@pan ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
[root@pan ~]# chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/

5、启动Nginx和php-fpm服务，并添加开机启动

[root@pan ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@pan ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@pan ~]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@pan ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm

三、安装并配置MariaDB

1、yum安装MaraiDB服务

[root@pan ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

2、启动MariaDB服务并添加开机启动

[root@pan ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@pan ~]# systemctl enable mariadb

3、设置MariaDB的root密码

[root@pan ~]# mysql_secure_installation

4、创建nextcloud数据库、数据库用户和密码，分别为nextcloud_db、nextclouduser、nextcloudpasswd

MariaDB [(none)]> create database nextcloud_db;          

MariaDB [(none)]> create user nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextcloudpasswd';

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextcloudpasswd';

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

四、为Nextcloud生成自签名SSL证书

[root@pan ~]# mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert

[root@pan cert]# openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.......................................................................................+++
.....+++
writing new private key to '/etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) []:jilin
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:cc
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:cctc
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:nc
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:pan
Email Address []:478201@qq.com

[root@pan cert]# chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert
[root@pan cert]# chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/*

五、下载并安装Nextcloud

[root@pan cert]# yum -y install wget unzip

[root@pan cert]# cd /usr/local/src/

[root@pan src]#wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-16.0.1.zip

[root@pan src]# unzip nextcloud-16.0.1.zip

[root@pan src]# mv nextcloud /usr/share/nginx/html/

并为Nextcloud创建data目录，将Nextcloud的用户和组修改为nginx

[root@pan src]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@pan html]# mkdir -p  nextcloud/data
[root@pan html]# chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/

六、配置Nginx虚拟主机,注意将server_name修改成你的服务器名称

[root@pan html]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf

 

upstream php-handler {
    server 127.0.0.1:9000;
    #server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
     
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name pan.cctc.edu.cn;    #需修改
    # enforce https
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
     
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name pan.cctc.edu.cn;   #需修改
     
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key;
     
    # Add headers to serve security related headers
    # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
    # topic first.
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
    includeSubDomains; preload;";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
    #add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
    add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
     
    # Path to the root of your installation
    root /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/;
     
    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }
     
    # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
    # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
    #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
    #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
    # last;
     
    location = /.well-known/carddav {
      return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }
    location = /.well-known/caldav {
      return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }
     
    # set max upload size
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
     
    # Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
    gzip off;
     
    # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
    # This module is currently not supported.
    #pagespeed off;
     
    error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
    error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
     
    location / {
        rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
    }
     
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
        deny all;
    }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
        deny all;
    }
     
    location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
        #Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
        fastcgi_pass php-handler;
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering off;
    }
     
    location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
        try_files $uri/ =404;
        index index.php;
    }
     
    # Adding the cache control header for js and css files
    # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
    location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
        # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
        # have those duplicated to the ones above)
        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
        # this topic first.
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;includeSubDomains; preload;";
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        #add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
        # Optional: Don't log access to assets
        access_log off;
    }
     
    location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
        # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
        access_log off;
    }
}

 测试以下配置文件是否有错误，确保没有问题后重启Nginx服务

[root@pan html]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@pan html]# systemctl restart nginx

七、设置Firewalld防火墙和SELinux

[root@pan conf.d]# setenforce 0
[root@pan conf.d]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@pan conf.d]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
success
[root@pan conf.d]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
success
[root@pan conf.d]# firewall-cmd --reload

八、利用向导，完成Nextcloud安装

九、进一步优化

1、安装建议php模块

[root@pan conf.d]# yum install php72w-intl php72w-pecl-imagick

2、增加php内存

[root@pan ~]# vi /etc/php.ini

 

.
.
.
; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB)
; http://php.net/memory-limit
memory_limit = 512M
.
.
.

 

3、安装cache

[root@pan nginx]# yum install memcached  php72w-pecl-memcached

[root@pan nginx]# systemctl start memcached
[root@pan nginx]# systemctl enable memcached

配置memcache

[root@pan nginx]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/config/config.php

<?php
$CONFIG = array (
.
.
.
.
.

  'installed' => true,
  'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
  'memcache.distributed' => '\OC\Memcache\Memcached',
  'memcached_servers' => array(
   array('localhost', 11211),
     ),
);

注意：'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',单独使用无法正常工作

重启php-fpm

[root@pan conf.d]# systemctl restart php-fpm

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/8343060.html