jvm的jstack定位线程状态问题

背景

1. 如果存在线程之间相互等待，造成大量线程处于blocked状态，应该如何定位问题？

过程

• 测试代码

public class JVM_Thread_Problem01 {
    private static Object obj = new Object();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (obj) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(Long.parseLong("111111"));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("0");
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-0").start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (obj) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(Long.parseLong("111111"));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("1");
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-1").start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (obj) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(Long.parseLong("111111"));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("2");
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-2").start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (obj) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(Long.parseLong("111111"));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("3");
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-3").start();
    }
    
}

• jstack pid （线程栈信息）

2020-12-18 12:43:15
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.181-b13 mixed mode):

"DestroyJavaVM" #15 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00000000033c2800 nid=0x2330 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Thread-3" #14 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020cac000 nid=0x234c waiting for monitor entry [0x0000000021a4f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
        at jvm.JVM_Thread_Problem01$4.run(JVM_Thread_Problem01.java:54)
        - waiting to lock <0x0000000757d248c8> (a java.lang.Object)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"Thread-2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020c4b000 nid=0x3214 waiting for monitor entry [0x000000002194f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
        at jvm.JVM_Thread_Problem01$3.run(JVM_Thread_Problem01.java:40)
        - waiting to lock <0x0000000757d248c8> (a java.lang.Object)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"Thread-1" #12 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020c28800 nid=0x268c waiting on condition [0x000000002184e000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (sleeping)
        at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
        at jvm.JVM_Thread_Problem01$2.run(JVM_Thread_Problem01.java:26)
        - locked <0x0000000757d248c8> (a java.lang.Object)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"Thread-0" #11 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020c24000 nid=0x39c0 waiting for monitor entry [0x000000002174f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
        at jvm.JVM_Thread_Problem01$1.run(JVM_Thread_Problem01.java:12)
        - waiting to lock <0x0000000757d248c8> (a java.lang.Object)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"Service Thread" #10 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020b83000 nid=0x3658 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C1 CompilerThread2" #9 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000020ac6000 nid=0x3338 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread1" #8 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000020a9f800 nid=0x18b8 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread0" #7 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000020a77800 nid=0x2558 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Monitor Ctrl-Break" #6 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000020a9c800 nid=0xf44 runnable [0x000000002114e000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.readBytes(StreamDecoder.java:284)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.implRead(StreamDecoder.java:326)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.read(StreamDecoder.java:178)
        - locked <0x0000000757e79580> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
        at java.io.InputStreamReader.read(InputStreamReader.java:184)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.fill(BufferedReader.java:161)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:324)
        - locked <0x0000000757e79580> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:389)
        at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1.run(AppMainV2.java:61)

"Attach Listener" #5 daemon prio=5 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000020293800 nid=0x18a4 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Signal Dispatcher" #4 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x000000001eeb4800 nid=0x2540 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Finalizer" #3 daemon prio=8 os_prio=1 tid=0x00000000034bd800 nid=0xe38 in Object.wait() [0x00000000201ef000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x0000000757988ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:144)
        - locked <0x0000000757988ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:165)
        at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:216)

"Reference Handler" #2 daemon prio=10 os_prio=2 tid=0x00000000034b8000 nid=0x1ac4 in Object.wait() [0x00000000200ef000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x0000000757986bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference.tryHandlePending(Reference.java:191)
        - locked <0x0000000757986bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:153)

"VM Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x000000001ee67800 nid=0x3890 runnable

"GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x00000000033de000 nid=0x5c0 runnable

"GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x00000000033df800 nid=0xf9c runnable

"GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x00000000033e1000 nid=0x3660 runnable

"GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x00000000033e2800 nid=0x3154 runnable

"VM Periodic Task Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000020c1a800 nid=0x3874 waiting on condition

JNI global references: 12

• 如上可以观察到的核心信息

1. waiting to lock <0x0000000757d248c8> (a java.lang.Object)， 可以看见多个线程都等待去上锁这个对象。
2. JVM_Thread_Problem01.java:54， 可以定位到代码的具体某行，在排查错误的时候，非常有用。
3. waiting for monitor entry [0x000000002174f000]， synchronized 上锁的时候，使用：monitor entry
4. java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)

• 分析

1. 因为某个线程，占用了资源，导致其他线程被阻塞住了。
2. 需要定位到，占用资源的线程，究竟，是程序中那段业务逻辑代码。一般是通过线程名称进行定位的。
3. 定位到了具体的代码后，就需要仔细阅读一下代码了。
4. 只能分析代码业务逻辑过程，才有可能找到问题原因。看见这些堆栈信息，也仅仅是定位问题而已，远没有到解决问题。

小结

• 如果出现了问题，内心只想能够很快解决问题，则会让自己心态受到一定影响。解决问题的过程一定是：定位问题，分析问题，解决问题。
• 定位问题。定位问题的依据是什么？肯定是大量的有意义的有效的资料信息。比如堆栈信息，比如其他堆文件信息。
• 分析问题。对代码和业务场景的理解，力求找到问题的原因。
• 解决问题。找不到问题原因，永远解决不了问题。