Java全栈（四）web网页技术：11.书城项目实战二：JSP练习及Servlet优化

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-08 15:38:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-04-08 15:38:33 发布

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分类专栏： JAVA系统学习文章标签：前端 java html

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ouyicnm/article/details/122143020

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前提：还是基于我们前面的书城项目

1.需求1：1.将所有HTML页面改为JSP页面

在每一个HTML页面的第一行添加JSP的page指令：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>，然后将HTML页面的文件扩展名改为jsp，即将.html改为.jsp。注意：一定要先在HTML页面中添加jsp指令再修改扩展名，否则页面中会出现乱码现象。

这里以index.html为例
将每一个jsp文件中路径为html文件的都改为jsp文件

这里以index.jsp文件为例

运行项目，在界面点击看看，是不是每一个页面都能访问到

2.需求2：提取页面公共内容

我们的jsp页面，往往会有大量重复的代码。这时我们可以将其抽取为一个jsp文件，然后在需要的页面直接使用静态或动态包含，将公共的jsp文件引入到当前页面中

2.1 抽取所有页面公共的部分到`base.jsp`文件中

每个jsp文件都需要设置设置项目跟路径到base标签，也需要导入jQuery源码。我们可以把这些抽取到base,jsp文件中

如下在WEB-INF目录下创建punlic_jsp/base.jsp文件在这里插入图片描述

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<base href="http://localhost:8080/bookStore2/"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/script/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>

在每个jsp文件中，引入base.jsp文件。原来的base标签和导入jQuery源码的script 标签可以删掉

这里以login.jsp为例：

3.需求3：注册登录显示错误消息及表单回显

登录、注册失败时我们分别转发到了登录、注册页面，但是并没有给用户一个错误消息，用户体验差，现在我们分别为登录、注册失败时提供一个错误消息并在页面显示：
登录、注册失败时我们将错误消息放到request域中，通过转发将错误消息带到登录、注册页面，然后在页面中通过request域对象获取错误消息。
登录、注册失败时我们输入的用户名等信息会被清空，为了让用户有更好的体验，让用户看到之前输入的内容，需要对表单进行回显：
给需要回显的表单项设置value属性，value值通过request.getParameter(“属性值”)来获取。

3.1 登录失败显示错误提示

在这里插入图片描述

修改LoginServlet内容：

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import com.bookstore.bean.User;
import com.bookstore.service.UserServices;
import com.bookstore.service.impl.UserservicesImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet", value = "/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private UserServices userservices = new UserservicesImpl();

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取用户名,密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        // 检查用户名密码是否正确
        User userOld = new User();
        userOld.setUsername(username);
        userOld.setPassword(password);
        User loginUser = userservices.login(userOld);
        if (loginUser != null) {
            // 用户名密码正确
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/login_success.jsp");
        } else {
            // 用户名密码不正确
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误，请重新输入"); // 将提示内容写入request域中
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

修改login.jsp文件，获取并显示错误信息

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <%@ include file="/WEB-INF/public_jsp/base.jsp"%>
    <!--base href="http://localhost:8080/bookStore2/"/-->
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>尚硅谷会员登录页面</title>
    <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="static/css/style.css" />
    <!--script type="text/javascript" src="static/script/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script-->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="static/script/login.js"></script>

  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="login_header">
      <a href="index.jsp">
        <img class="logo_img" alt="" src="static/img/logo.gif" />
      </a>
    </div>

    <div class="login_banner">
      <div id="l_content">
        <span class="login_word">欢迎登录</span>
      </div>

      <div id="content">
        <div class="login_form">
          <div class="login_box">
            <div class="tit">
              <h1>尚硅谷会员</h1>
            </div>
            <div class="msg_cont">
              <b></b>
              <!--根据request域中是否由msg，来判断要显示的内容-->
              <span class="errorMsg"><%=request.getAttribute("msg")==null?"请输入用户名密码":request.getAttribute("msg")%></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form">
              <form action="login">
                <label>用户名称：</label>
                <input
                  class="itxt"
                  type="text"
                  placeholder="请输入用户名"
                  autocomplete="off"
                  tabindex="1"
                  name="username"
                  id="username"
                />
                <br />
                <br />
                <label>用户密码：</label>
                <input
                  class="itxt"
                  type="password"
                  placeholder="请输入密码"
                  autocomplete="off"
                  tabindex="1"
                  name="password"
                  id="password"
                />
                <br />
                <br />
                <input type="submit" value="登录" id="sub_btn" />
              </form>
              <div class="tit">
                <a id = "submit" href="pages/user/regist.jsp">立即注册</a>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div id="bottom">
      <span>
        尚硅谷书城.Copyright &copy;2015
      </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

3.2 注册失败显示错误消息

在这里插入图片描述

修改RegisteServlet内容，注册失败时，将错误信息添加到request域中

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import com.bookstore.bean.User;
import com.bookstore.service.impl.UserservicesImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(name = "RegisteServlet", value = "/register")
public class RegisteServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");
        User user = new User(null,username,password,email);
        UserservicesImpl userservices = new UserservicesImpl();
        boolean registFag = userservices.regist(user);
        if (registFag){
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/regist_success.jsp");
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名已存在");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/regist.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }
}

修改register.jsp文件，获取错误提示

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <%@ include file="/WEB-INF/public_jsp/base.jsp"%>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>尚硅谷会员注册页面</title>
    <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="static/css/style.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/css/register.css" />
    <style type="text/css">
      .login_form {
        height: 420px;
        margin-top: 25px;
      }
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="static/script/regist.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="login_header">
      <a href="index.jsp">
        <img class="logo_img" alt="" src="static/img/logo.gif" />
      </a>
    </div>

    <div class="login_banner">
      <div class="register_form">
        <h1>注册尚硅谷会员</h1>
        <form action="register">
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户名称:</label>
              <input id="username" type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"/>
            </div>
            <!--根据request域中是否有错误提示，来判断使用哪个内容-->
            <span class="errMess" id="userErrMess">
              <%=request.getAttribute("msg")==null?"用户名、密码：只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位":request.getAttribute("msg")%>
            </span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户密码:</label>
              <input type="password" id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="passErrMess">只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>确认密码:</label>
              <input type="password" id="rePassword" name="rePassword" placeholder="请输入确认密码" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="rePasswordErrMess">密码两次输入不一致</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户邮箱:</label>
              <input type="text" id="email" name="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="emailErrMess">请输入正确的邮箱格式</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>验证码:</label>
              <div class="verify">
                <input type="text" id="verify" placeholder="" />
                <img src="static/img/code.bmp" alt="" />
              </div>
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="verifyErrMess">请输入正确的验证码</span>
          </div>
          <button class="btn" id="register">注册</button>
        </form>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div id="bottom">
      <span>
        尚硅谷书城.Copyright &copy;2015
      </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

我们会发现，此时并没有效果。因为该<span>标签默认是隐藏的。我们需要在js代码中，实现当msg存在时，也将<span>标签设置为显示状态

第一步：我们先将处理注册页面的js文件register.js修改为jsp文件，这样我们在该文件中也可以直接使用jsp相关的东西。而导入时直接使用jsp的包含动作，将对应的文件引入即可

修改register.js.jsp文件，新增js代码，当页面刷新时，判断request域中是否有msg属性，有表示注册失败，需要将<span>标签设置为显示状态

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {

        /**
         * 校验request域中是否有msg属性
         */
        <%
            Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
            if (msg == null){
                // request域中不存在对应错误信息
            }else {
                // request域中存在对应错误信息
        %>
        $("#userErrMess").css("visibility", "visible"); // 显示对应错误信息
        <%}%>

        /**
         * 用户名校验
         */
        function checkUsername() {
            var reg = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,18}$/;
            var userVaule = $("#username").val();
            if (reg.test(userVaule) == false) {
                $("#userErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#userErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        /**
         * 密码校验
         */
        function checkPassword() {
            var reg = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,18}$/;
            var passwordValue = $("#password").val();
            if (reg.test(passwordValue) == false) {
                $("#passErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#passErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }


        /**
         * 确认密码
         */
        function checkrePassword() {
            var passwordValue = $("#password").val();
            var rePasswordValue = $("#rePassword").val();
            if (passwordValue != rePasswordValue) {
                $("#rePasswordErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#rePasswordErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        /**
         * 检查邮箱
         */
        function checkEmail(){
            var reg = /^([a-z0-9_\.-]+)@([\da-z\.-]+)\.([a-z\.]{2,6})$/;
            var emailValue = $("#email").val();
            if (reg.test(emailValue) == false){
                $("#emailErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            }else {
                $("#emailErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        function checkVerify(){
            var verifyValue = $("#verify").val();
            if (verifyValue == ""){
                $("#verifyErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            }else {
                $("#verifyErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        // 注册栏内容改变后校验
        $("#username").change(checkUsername);
        $("#password").change(checkPassword);
        $("#rePassword").change(checkrePassword);
        $("#email").change(checkEmail);
        $("#verify").change(checkVerify);

        // 注册按钮后校验
        $("#register").click(checkUsername);
        $("#register").click(checkPassword);
        $("#register").click(checkrePassword);
        $("#register").click(checkEmail);
        $("#register").click(checkVerify);
    })
</script>

效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述
但是现在还有一个问题，就是在这种情况下，当我们的重新输入的用户名校验不通过时，提示信息还是用户名已存在，这是不符合逻辑的。

解决：就是在用户名change函数中，重置一下提示信息

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {

        /**
         * 校验request域中是否有msg属性
         */
        <%
            Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
            if (msg == null){
                // request域中不存在对应错误信息
            }else {
                // request域中存在对应错误信息
        %>
        $("#userErrMess").css("visibility", "visible"); // 显示对应错误信息
        <%}%>

        /**
         * 用户名校验
         */
        function checkUsername() {
            var reg = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,18}$/;
            var userVaule = $("#username").val();
            if (reg.test(userVaule) == false) {
                $("#userErrMess").text("用户名、密码：只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#userErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        /**
         * 密码校验
         */
        function checkPassword() {
            var reg = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,18}$/;
            var passwordValue = $("#password").val();
            if (reg.test(passwordValue) == false) {
                $("#passErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#passErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }


        /**
         * 确认密码
         */
        function checkrePassword() {
            var passwordValue = $("#password").val();
            var rePasswordValue = $("#rePassword").val();
            if (passwordValue != rePasswordValue) {
                $("#rePasswordErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            } else {
                $("#rePasswordErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        /**
         * 检查邮箱
         */
        function checkEmail(){
            var reg = /^([a-z0-9_\.-]+)@([\da-z\.-]+)\.([a-z\.]{2,6})$/;
            var emailValue = $("#email").val();
            if (reg.test(emailValue) == false){
                $("#emailErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            }else {
                $("#emailErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        function checkVerify(){
            var verifyValue = $("#verify").val();
            if (verifyValue == ""){
                $("#verifyErrMess").css("visibility", "visible");
                return false;
            }else {
                $("#verifyErrMess").css("visibility", "hidden");
            }
        }

        // 注册栏内容改变后校验
        $("#username").change(checkUsername);
        $("#password").change(checkPassword);
        $("#rePassword").change(checkrePassword);
        $("#email").change(checkEmail);
        $("#verify").change(checkVerify);

        // 注册按钮后校验
        $("#register").click(checkUsername);
        $("#register").click(checkPassword);
        $("#register").click(checkrePassword);
        $("#register").click(checkEmail);
        $("#register").click(checkVerify);
    })
</script>

3.3 注册失败后实现表单回显

即注册失败后，之前的数据不要清除。

修改register.jsp文件，实现表单回显功能

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <%@ include file="/WEB-INF/public_jsp/base.jsp"%>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>尚硅谷会员注册页面</title>
    <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="static/css/style.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/css/register.css" />
    <style type="text/css">
      .login_form {
        height: 420px;
        margin-top: 25px;
      }
    </style>
    <%@ include file="/static/script/regist.js.jsp"%>
    <!--script type="text/javascript" src="static/script/regist.js.jsp"></script-->
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="login_header">
      <a href="index.jsp">
        <img class="logo_img" alt="" src="static/img/logo.gif" />
      </a>
    </div>

    <div class="login_banner">
      <div class="register_form">
        <h1>注册尚硅谷会员</h1>
        <form action="register">
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户名称:</label>
              <!--根据请求参数中是否存在值，来判断是否需要回显-->
              <input id="username" value="<%=request.getParameter("username")==null?"":request.getParameter("username")%>" type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"/>
            </div>
            <!--根据request域中是否有错误提示，来判断使用哪个内容-->
            <span class="errMess" id="userErrMess">
              <%=request.getAttribute("msg")==null?"用户名、密码：只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位":request.getAttribute("msg")%>
            </span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户密码:</label>
              <input type="password" value="<%=request.getParameter("password")==null?"":request.getParameter("password")%>" id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="passErrMess">只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>确认密码:</label>
              <input type="password" value="<%=request.getParameter("rePassword")==null?"":request.getParameter("rePpassword")%>" id="rePassword" name="rePassword" placeholder="请输入确认密码" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="rePasswordErrMess">密码两次输入不一致</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>用户邮箱:</label>
              <input type="text" value="<%=request.getParameter("email")==null?"":request.getParameter("email")%>" id="email" name="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" />
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="emailErrMess">请输入正确的邮箱格式</span>
          </div>
          <div class="form-item">
            <div>
              <label>验证码:</label>
              <div class="verify">
                <input type="text" id="verify" placeholder="" />
                <img src="static/img/code.bmp" alt="" />
              </div>
            </div>
            <span class="errMess" id="verifyErrMess">请输入正确的验证码</span>
          </div>
          <button class="btn" id="register">注册</button>
        </form>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div id="bottom">
      <span>
        尚硅谷书城.Copyright &copy;2015
      </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

4.需求4：Sevlet优化

现在我们的项目是一个请求对应一个Servlet，我们能不能将多个请求对应一个Servlet呢？比如用户登录、注册的LoginServlet、RegistServlet使用一个UserServlet代替。

4.1 将LoginServlet、RegistServlet合并

在login.jsp文件和regist.jsp中添加一个隐藏的表单项，用来标识当前请求

<form action="UserServlet">
  <input type="hidden" name="method" value="login"/> <!--用来标识当前请求-->
  <label>用户名称：</label>
  <input
    class="itxt"
    type="text"
    placeholder="请输入用户名"
    autocomplete="off"
    tabindex="1"
    name="username"
    id="username"
  />
  <br />
  <br />
  <label>用户密码：</label>
  <input
    class="itxt"
    type="password"
    placeholder="请输入密码"
    autocomplete="off"
    tabindex="1"
    name="password"
    id="password"
  />
  <br />
  <br />
  <input type="submit" value="登录" id="sub_btn" />
</form>

<form action="UserServlet">
  <input type="hidden" name="method" value="register"/>
  <div class="form-item">
    <div>
      <label>用户名称:</label>
      <!--根据请求参数中是否存在值，来判断是否需要回显-->
      <input id="username" value="<%=request.getParameter("username")==null?"":request.getParameter("username")%>" type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"/>
    </div>
    <!--根据request域中是否有错误提示，来判断使用哪个内容-->
    <span class="errMess" id="userErrMess">
      <%=request.getAttribute("msg")==null?"用户名、密码：只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位":request.getAttribute("msg")%>
    </span>
  </div>
  <div class="form-item">
    <div>
      <label>用户密码:</label>
      <input type="password" value="<%=request.getParameter("password")==null?"":request.getParameter("password")%>" id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" />
    </div>
    <span class="errMess" id="passErrMess">只能是字母（大小写）、数字、_。6-18位</span>
  </div>
  <div class="form-item">
    <div>
      <label>确认密码:</label>
      <input type="password" value="<%=request.getParameter("rePassword")==null?"":request.getParameter("rePpassword")%>" id="rePassword" name="rePassword" placeholder="请输入确认密码" />
    </div>
    <span class="errMess" id="rePasswordErrMess">密码两次输入不一致</span>
  </div>
  <div class="form-item">
    <div>
      <label>用户邮箱:</label>
      <input type="text" value="<%=request.getParameter("email")==null?"":request.getParameter("email")%>" id="email" name="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" />
    </div>
    <span class="errMess" id="emailErrMess">请输入正确的邮箱格式</span>
  </div>
  <div class="form-item">
    <div>
      <label>验证码:</label>
      <div class="verify">
        <input type="text" id="verify" placeholder="" />
        <img src="static/img/code.bmp" alt="" />
      </div>
    </div>
    <span class="errMess" id="verifyErrMess">请输入正确的验证码</span>
  </div>
  <button class="btn" id="register">注册</button>
</form>

创建UserServlet来处理登录注册请求

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import com.bookstore.bean.User;
import com.bookstore.service.UserServices;
import com.bookstore.service.impl.UserservicesImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(name = "UserServlet", value = "/UserServlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private UserServices userservices = new UserservicesImpl();

    /**
     * 处理用户登录请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取用户名,密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        // 检查用户名密码是否正确
        User userOld = new User();
        userOld.setUsername(username);
        userOld.setPassword(password);
        User loginUser = userservices.login(userOld);
        if (loginUser != null) {
            // 用户名密码正确
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/login_success.jsp");
        } else {
            // 用户名密码不正确
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误，请重新输入"); // 将提示内容写入request域中
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理用户注册请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void register(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");
        User user = new User(null,username,password,email);
        UserservicesImpl userservices = new UserservicesImpl();
        boolean registFag = userservices.regist(user);
        if (registFag){
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/regist_success.jsp");
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名已存在");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/regist.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String method = request.getParameter("method");
        if (method.equals("login")){
            login(request,response);
        }else if (method.equals("register")){
            login(request,response);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }
}

4.2 使用反射取代if/else

一中实现了多个请求对应一个Servlet的需求，但是我们在UserServlet中每添加一个方法就要在doGet方法中添加一个 else if语句！而且我们发现我们获取的请求参数的值正好是UserServlet中的方法名，那么我们能不能通过请求参数动态的调用对应的方法呢？
通过反射的形式动态获取方法对象，这样我们再添加新的方法时就不需要再写if else语句了，但是新添加的方法的格式仍需要与doGet或者doPost的格式一致。

修改UserServlet来使用反射处理登录注册请求:

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import com.bookstore.bean.User;
import com.bookstore.service.UserServices;
import com.bookstore.service.impl.UserservicesImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

@WebServlet(name = "UserServlet", value = "/UserServlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private UserServices userservices = new UserservicesImpl();

    /**
     * 处理用户登录请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取用户名,密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        // 检查用户名密码是否正确
        User userOld = new User();
        userOld.setUsername(username);
        userOld.setPassword(password);
        User loginUser = userservices.login(userOld);
        if (loginUser != null) {
            // 用户名密码正确
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/login_success.jsp");
        } else {
            // 用户名密码不正确
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误，请重新输入"); // 将提示内容写入request域中
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理用户注册请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void register(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");
        User user = new User(null,username,password,email);
        UserservicesImpl userservices = new UserservicesImpl();
        boolean registFag = userservices.regist(user);
        if (registFag){
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/regist_success.jsp");
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名已存在");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/regist.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        try {
            // 获取请求的method参数值
            String method = request.getParameter("method");
            // 根据参数名获取方法对象
            Method declaredMethod = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(method, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            declaredMethod.setAccessible(true);
            // 调用方法
            declaredMethod.invoke(this, request, response);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }
}

4.3 提取公共的Servlet

二中我们实现了动态调用对应方法的需求，但是以后每次创建Servlet的时候都需要将以上代码重写一遍，那么我们为何不把以上代码单独放到一个Servlet中，我们给它命名为BaseServlet，以后再创建Servlet时直接让它继承BaseServlet即可。
创建一个专门用来被其他Servlet继承的BaseServlet
但是不可以重写BaseServlet中的doGet和doPost方法

创建一个BaseServlet用来提供公共的doGet()和doPost()方法:

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * 公共的BaseServlet
 */
//@WebServlet(name = "BaseServlet", value = "/BaseServlet") // 该Servlet不需要注册url
public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        try {
            // 获取请求的method参数值
            String method = request.getParameter("method");
            // 根据参数名获取方法对象
            Method declaredMethod = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(method, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            declaredMethod.setAccessible(true);
            // 调用方法
            declaredMethod.invoke(this, request, response);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }
}

在UserServlet中集成BaseServlet即可，不需要再重新doGet()和doPost()方法:

package com.bookstore.servlet;

import com.bookstore.bean.User;
import com.bookstore.service.UserServices;
import com.bookstore.service.impl.UserservicesImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

@WebServlet(name = "UserServlet", value = "/UserServlet")
public class UserServlet extends BaseServlet {
    private UserServices userservices = new UserservicesImpl();

    /**
     * 处理用户登录请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取用户名,密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        // 检查用户名密码是否正确
        User userOld = new User();
        userOld.setUsername(username);
        userOld.setPassword(password);
        User loginUser = userservices.login(userOld);
        if (loginUser != null) {
            // 用户名密码正确
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/login_success.jsp");
        } else {
            // 用户名密码不正确
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误，请重新输入"); // 将提示内容写入request域中
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理用户注册请求
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void register(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");
        User user = new User(null,username,password,email);
        UserservicesImpl userservices = new UserservicesImpl();
        boolean registFag = userservices.regist(user);
        if (registFag){
            response.sendRedirect("/bookStore2/pages/user/regist_success.jsp");
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("msg","用户名已存在");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/regist.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }
}

new nm个对象

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Java全栈（四）web网页技术：11.书城项目实战二：JSP练习及Servlet优化

前提：还是基于我们前面的书城项目1.需求1：1.将所有HTML页面改为JSP页面在每一个HTML页面的第一行添加JSP的page指令：<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>，然后将HTML页面的文件扩展名改为jsp，即将.html改为.jsp。注意：一定要先在HTML页面中添加jsp指令再修改扩展名，否则页面中会出现乱码现象。这里以index.ht.
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