android联系人Contacts详解

            android系统中的联系人是通过ContentProvider向外提供的，以下将结合sqlite数据库中联系人表实现系统联系人的信息查询。联系人数据库的路径为：data/data/com.android.providers.contacts/databases/contacts2.db.系统联系人的操作要关注以下2张表：

1.raw_contacts,这张表中有联系人的contact_id和display_name,根据这两列可以拿到联系人的名字和唯一标识id

2.data，这张表保存了联系人的详细信息。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//首先拿到ContentResolver
		ContentResolver resolver = this.getContentResolver();
		//根据联系人的Uri拿到联系人的id和name
		Uri contactsIdUri = android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
		/*查询时选择id列，避免资源的浪费*/
		Cursor cursor = resolver.query(contactsIdUri,
				new String[]{android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
				android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME}, 
				null, null, null);
		
		while(cursor.moveToNext()){
			String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(
					android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
			String contactName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(
					android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
			System.out.println("联系人ID:" + contactId);
			System.out.println("联系人名字:" + contactName);
			
			//联系人电话号码的Uri
			Uri phoneUri = android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
			Cursor phones = resolver.query(phoneUri, 
					null, 
					android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID+"="+contactId, 
					null, null);
			
			while(phones.moveToNext()){
				String number = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(
						android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
				System.out.println("联系人电话号码:" + number);
			}
			phones.close();
			
			//联系人邮箱的Uri
			Uri emailUri = android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI;
			Cursor emails = resolver.query(emailUri, 
					null, 
					android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID+"="+contactId,
					null, null);
		
			while(emails.moveToNext()){
				String email = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex(
						android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA));
				System.out.println("联系人邮箱:" + email);
			}
			emails.close();
		}
		cursor.close();
	}
}

结果：

存储联系人相关信息的表：

由上面两张表可以看出，联系人的姓名、电话号码、邮箱等信息是mimitype_id是一一对应的，所以我们也可以先拿到联系人的id，然后根据mimetype_id拿到联系人的详细信息。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//首先拿到ContentResolver
		ContentResolver resolver = this.getContentResolver();
		//根据联系人的Uri拿到联系人的id和name
		Uri contactsIdUri = android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
		/*查询时选择id列，避免资源的浪费*/
		Cursor cursor = resolver.query(contactsIdUri,
				new String[]{android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID}, 
				null, null, null);
		
		while(cursor.moveToNext()){
			String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(
					android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
			System.out.println("联系人ID:" + contactId);
			//System.out.println("联系人名字:" + contactName);
			
			//从一个Cursor获取所有的信息
            Cursor allInfo = resolver.query(
                    android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                    new String[]{android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID,
                            android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE,
                            android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.DATA1
                            }, 
                    android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID+"="+contactId, null, null);
            while(allInfo.moveToNext()) {
                String mimetype = allInfo.getString(
                        allInfo.getColumnIndex(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE));
                String value = allInfo.getString(
                        allInfo.getColumnIndex(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.DATA1));
                if(mimetype.equals("vnd.android.cursor.item/name")){
                    System.out.println("联系人姓名："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/im")){//vnd.android.cursor.item/im
                    System.out.println("聊天(QQ)账号："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/email")) {//vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2
                    System.out.println("联系人邮箱："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/phone")) {//vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2
                    System.out.println("联系人电话："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/postal")) {//vnd.android.cursor.item/postal-address_v2
                    System.out.println("联系人邮编："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/photo")) {//vnd.android.cursor.item/photo
                    System.out.println("联系人照片："+value);
                } else if(mimetype.contains("/group")) {//vnd.android.cursor.item/group_membership
                    System.out.println("联系人组："+value);
                } 
            }
            System.out.println("****************************");
            allInfo.close();

		}
		cursor.close();
	}
}