集合线程安全问题。异常ConcurrentModificationException并发修改异常
1. List
public class Test04 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5));
System.out.println(list);
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
}
}
创建10个线程,每个线程并发往list集合里添加值,会抛出Exception in thread “1” java.util.ConcurrentModificationException。解决方法有三种
//List<String> list = new Vector<>();
//List<String> list = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
//List<Object> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
Vector jdk1.0 就已经出来了,使用synchronized锁让线程安全
Collections工具类,参数是集合对象。
读写锁copyonwrite。采用lock锁进行线程安全,效率较高,数组复制,防止数据被覆盖,新存入的数据追加到数组中,追加完之后,被复制的数组在插回。
2.Set
public class Test05 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Set<String> set = new HashSet<>();
//Set<String> set = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<>());
Set<String> set = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
set.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5));
System.out.println(set);
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
}
}
同理可得Set集合也是线程不安全的,两种解决办法。
Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<>());
CopyOnWriteArraySet<>();
3.Map
public class Test06 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
// Map<Object, Object> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
//Map<Object, Object> map = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
Map<Object, Object> map = new Hashtable<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int finalI = i;
new Thread(()->{
map.put(finalI,finalI);
System.out.println(map);
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
}
}
Map高并发下线程不安全,三种解决办法。
Lock锁 ConcurrentHashMap<>();
工具类,使用Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
默认线程安全的 new Hashtable<>();