Shell 参数解释与示例（$1, $2, ..., $#, $@, $*, $$, $?）

Shell 参数相关解释

符号解释

符号	解释
$1	返回第一个参数
$2	返回第二个参数
…	…
$#	返回参数个数
$@	返回所有参数，可用for in 读取每个参数
”$@“	返回所有参数，可用for in 读取每个参数
$*	返回所有参数，可用for in 读取每个参数
“$*”	返回所有参数，但for in读取到的是所有字符串拼接的一行字符串。也就是说，无论传参args1, args2, … 的个数有多少，最终返回值是”args1 args2 …“,只有一次循环。
$$	返回当前PID
$?	返回上一条command执行状态, 0表示pass，其他值表示Fail

效果图

代码

#!/bin/bash

echo -e "function args example:"
echo -e "\$1 is: \033[31m$1\033[0m, \$2 is \033[32m$2\033[0m, \$3 is \033[33m$3\033[0m"
echo -e "\$# is representative of the number of parameters, which is: $#."
echo -e "\$@ is $@."
echo -e "\$* is $*."
echo "\$@:"
for i in $@
do
    echo "for i in \$@, i is $i"
done
echo -e "\033[32m\"\$@\":\033[0m"
for i in "$@"
do
    echo "for i in \"\$@\", i is $i"
done
echo "\$*:"
for i in $*
do
    echo "for i in \$*, i is $i"
done
echo -e "\033[32m\"\$*\":\033[0m"
for i in "$*"
do
    echo "for i in \"\$*\", i is $i"
done
echo "\$\$ is process ID: $$"
echo "\$? is the last command status or return, the default is 0/pass and others/fail, eg:"
echo "\$? is $?"
ll
echo "command ll do not exist, \$? is $?"
``