fork()后父子进程间的变量共享情况

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

int golobal_a = 0;

int main()
{
	int local_a = 0;
	pthread_mutex_t local_mutex_a;
	pthread_mutex_t local_mutex_b;
	pid_t pid;

	pthread_mutex_init(&local_mutex_a, NULL);
	pthread_mutex_init(&local_mutex_b, NULL);
	pid = fork();

	if(pid > 0) {
		printf("father %d, child %d\n", getpid(), pid);
		local_a = 1;
		golobal_a = 1;
		sleep(1);
		printf("father local_a %d, addr %p, golobal_a %d, addr %p\n", local_a, &local_a, golobal_a, &golobal_a);

		pthread_mutex_lock(&local_mutex_a);
		printf("father lock mutex a %p\n", &local_mutex_a);
		sleep(1);
		pthread_mutex_lock(&local_mutex_b);
		printf("father lock mutex b %p\n", &local_mutex_b);
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&local_mutex_b);
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&local_mutex_a);
	} else if (pid == 0) {
		printf("child %d\n", getpid());
		local_a = 2;
		golobal_a = 2;
		sleep(1);
		printf("child local_a %d, addr %p, golobal_a %d, addr %p\n", local_a, &local_a, golobal_a, &golobal_a);

		pthread_mutex_lock(&local_mutex_b);
		printf("child lock mutex b %p\n", &local_mutex_b);
		sleep(1);
		pthread_mutex_lock(&local_mutex_a);
		printf("child lock mutex a %p\n", &local_mutex_a);
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&local_mutex_a);
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&local_mutex_b);
	} else
		printf("fork fail\n");

	return 0;
}

输出

father 17164, child 17165
child 17165
father local_a 1, addr 0x7fff1793d298, golobal_a 1, addr 0x601070
father lock mutex a 0x7fff1793d2a0
child local_a 2, addr 0x7fff1793d298, golobal_a 2, addr 0x601070
child lock mutex b 0x7fff1793d2d0
father lock mutex b 0x7fff1793d2d0
child lock mutex a 0x7fff1793d2a0

程序正常退出，没有发生死锁，说明不管是局部的还是全局的变量或者是锁，fork()之后，子进程都拥有了一份父进程的拷贝。

虽然变量和锁的虚拟地址都是一样的，但是物理上是两个不同的内存地址，两个进程之间完全不受影响。