1.uvc驱动模块入口
module_init(uvc_init); //1.模块入口
2.初始化函数
static int __init uvc_init(void) // 2.初始化函数
{
int result;
result = usb_register(&uvc_driver.driver); // 3.注册usb设备驱动(usb摄像头设备)
if (result == 0) //注册失败
printk(KERN_INFO DRIVER_DESC " (" DRIVER_VERSION ")\n");
return result;
}
3.注册usb设备驱动(usb摄像头设备)
3.1 usb摄像头驱动
struct uvc_driver uvc_driver = { // 3.1 usb摄像头设备
.driver = {
.name = "uvcvideo",
.probe = uvc_probe, // 4. probe方法
.disconnect = uvc_disconnect,
.suspend = uvc_suspend,
.resume = uvc_resume,
.reset_resume = uvc_reset_resume,
.id_table = uvc_ids, //3.2 支持的设备id列表
.supports_autosuspend = 1,
},
};
3.2 支持的设备id列表uvc_ids
static struct usb_device_id uvc_ids[] = {
/* Genius eFace 2025 */
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO,
.idVendor = 0x0458,
.idProduct = 0x706e,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_VIDEO, //uvc接口类 0x0e
.bInterfaceSubClass = 1,
.bInterfaceProtocol = 0,
.driver_info = UVC_QUIRK_PROBE_MINMAX },
...
...
...
/* SiGma Micro USB Web Camera */
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO,
.idVendor = 0x1c4f,
.idProduct = 0x3000,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_VIDEO,
.bInterfaceSubClass = 1,
.bInterfaceProtocol = 0,
.driver_info = UVC_QUIRK_PROBE_MINMAX | UVC_QUIRK_IGNORE_SELECTOR_UNIT },
/* Generic USB Video Class */ //通用usb视频类
{ USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_VIDEO, 1, 0) }, //匹配方法:uvc类
{}
};
4.probe方法
static int uvc_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf); //通过usb接口获取usb设备
struct uvc_device *dev; //声明uvc设备
int ret;
if (id->idVendor && id->idProduct) //有厂商id和商品id(知名设备)
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Probing known UVC device %s (%04x:%04x)\n", udev->devpath, id->idVendor,id->idProduct);
else //通用uvc设备
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Probing generic UVC device %s\n",udev->devpath);
/* Allocate memory for the device and initialize it. */
if ((dev = kzalloc(sizeof *dev, GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) //分配uvc设备内存
return -ENOMEM;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->entities); //初始化entities(实体)链表 Terminal或Unit
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->chains); //初始化chains(链)链表
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->streams); //初始化streams(视频流)链表
atomic_set(&dev->nstreams, 0);
atomic_set(&dev->users, 0);
atomic_set(&dev->nmappings, 0);
dev->udev = usb_get_dev(udev); //捆绑usb设备,并增加其引用计数
dev->intf = usb_get_intf(intf); //捆绑usb接口,并增加其引用计数
dev->intfnum = intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber; //获取usb接口描述符接口数
dev->quirks = (uvc_quirks_param == -1) ? id->driver_info : uvc_quirks_param;
if (udev->product != NULL) //存在产品名
strlcpy(dev->name, udev->product, sizeof dev->name); //设置uvc设备名字为其产品名
else //通用的uvc设备名
snprintf(dev->name, sizeof dev->name,"UVC Camera (%04x:%04x)",le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor),le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idProduct));
/* Parse the Video Class control descriptor. */
if (uvc_parse_control(dev) < 0) { //-->5 uvc解析usb视频类控制描述符
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Unable to parse UVC descriptors.\n");
goto error;
}
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Found UVC %u.%02x device %s (%04x:%04x)\n",dev->uvc_version >> 8, dev->uvc_version & 0xff,
udev->product ? udev->product : "<unnamed>",le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor),le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idProduct));
if (dev->quirks != id->driver_info) {
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Forcing device quirks to 0x%x by module parameter for testing purpose.\n", dev->quirks);
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Please report required quirks to the linux-uvc-devel mailing list.\n");
}
/* Initialize controls. */
if (uvc_ctrl_init_device(dev) < 0) //8.uvc初始化控制
goto error;
/* Scan the device for video chains. */
if (uvc_scan_device(dev) < 0) //10.uvc扫描视频链
goto error;
/* Register video devices. */
if (uvc_register_chains(dev) < 0) //11.uvc注册视频设备
goto error;
/* Save our data pointer in the interface data. */
usb_set_intfdata(intf, dev); //设置uvc设备为usb接口的数据
/* Initialize the interrupt URB. */
if ((ret = uvc_status_init(dev)) < 0) { //12 uvc设备状态初始化
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Unable to initialize the status endpoint (%d), status interrupt will not be supported.\n", ret);
}
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "UVC device initialized.\n");
usb_enable_autosuspend(udev); //使能自动挂起
return 0;
error:
uvc_unregister_video(dev);
return -ENODEV;
}
4.1 uvc设备结构体
struct uvc_device {
struct usb_device *udev; //usb设备指针
struct usb_interface *intf; //usb接口指针
unsigned long warnings;
__u32 quirks;
int intfnum; //接口数
char name[32]; //设备名
enum uvc_device_state state; //uvc设备状态
atomic_t users;
atomic_t nmappings;
/* Video control interface */
__u16 uvc_version; //UVC协议版本
__u32 clock_frequency; //时钟频率
struct list_head entities; //uvc实体链表头(挂着uvc设备的Terminal和Unit)
struct list_head chains; //uvc视频链链表头
/* Video Streaming interfaces */
struct list_head streams; //uvc视频流链表头
atomic_t nstreams;//uvc视频流个数
/* Status Interrupt Endpoint */
struct usb_host_endpoint *int_ep; //usb_host_endpoint对象
struct urb *int_urb; //中断urb
__u8 *status; //uvc设备状态标志
struct input_dev *input; //输入设备
char input_phys[64]; //输入设备设备节点路径
};
4.2 uvc协议标准上的描述符布局
-->(Interface Association Descript)IDA接口描述符
-->标准VC接口描述符 --------------------------------VC(video control)
-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->输入Terminal接口描述符-->处理Unit接口描述符-->编码Unit接口描述符-->输出Terminal接口描述符
-->标准中断端点描述符
-->uvc类中断端点描述符
-->标准VS接口描述符 --------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting 0
-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->format负荷格式描述符-->若干frame-->静态图像帧格式描述符
-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->format负荷格式描述符-->若干frame-->静态图像帧格式描述符->颜色匹配描述符
...(1...n)
-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符
-->标准VS接口描述符 --------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting 1
-->标准同步输入视频端点描述符
-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符
...(1...n)
-->标准VS接口描述符 --------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting n
-->标准同步输入视频端点描述符
-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符
这些布局是可变的 但大体布局是这样,下面两张图也是典型的布局
具体分析的时候可以利用lsubs工具打印所有描述符来分析
usb描述符的框架图
输入命令lsusb -d 0c45:62f1 -v
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0c45:62f1 Microdia //总线 设备ID
Device Descriptor: //设备描述符
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device
bDeviceSubClass 2 ?
bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0c45 Microdia
idProduct 0x62f1
bcdDevice 1.00
iManufacturer 2 Sonix Technology Co., Ltd.
iProduct 1 USB 2.0 Camera
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor: //配置描述符
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 697
bNumInterfaces 4
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0x80
(Bus Powered)
MaxPower 500mA
Interface Association: //3.6 Interface Association Descriptor
bLength 8
bDescriptorType 11
bFirstInterface 0
bInterfaceCount 2
bFunctionClass 14 Video
bFunctionSubClass 3 Video Interface Collection
bFunctionProtocol 0
iFunction 5 USB Camera
Interface Descriptor: //Table 3-2 Standard VC Interface Descriptor
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 14 Video
bInterfaceSubClass 1 Video Control
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 5 USB Camera
VideoControl Interface Descriptor: //Table 3-3 Class-specific VC Interface Header Descriptor
bLength 13
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER)
bcdUVC 1.00
wTotalLength