uvc摄像头代码解析2

1.uvc驱动模块入口

module_init(uvc_init);	//1.模块入口

2.初始化函数

static int __init uvc_init(void)	// 2.初始化函数
{
	int result;
	result = usb_register(&uvc_driver.driver);	// 3.注册usb设备驱动(usb摄像头设备)
	if (result == 0)	//注册失败
		printk(KERN_INFO DRIVER_DESC " (" DRIVER_VERSION ")\n");
	return result;
}

3.注册usb设备驱动(usb摄像头设备)

3.1 usb摄像头驱动

struct uvc_driver uvc_driver = {	// 3.1 usb摄像头设备
	.driver = {
		.name		= "uvcvideo",
		.probe		= uvc_probe,	// 4. probe方法
		.disconnect	= uvc_disconnect,
		.suspend	= uvc_suspend,
		.resume		= uvc_resume,
		.reset_resume	= uvc_reset_resume,
		.id_table	= uvc_ids,		//3.2 支持的设备id列表
		.supports_autosuspend = 1,
	},
};

3.2 支持的设备id列表uvc_ids

static struct usb_device_id uvc_ids[] = {
	/* Genius eFace 2025 */
	{ .match_flags		= USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO,
	  .idVendor		= 0x0458,
	  .idProduct		= 0x706e,
	  .bInterfaceClass	= USB_CLASS_VIDEO,	//uvc接口类 0x0e
	  .bInterfaceSubClass	= 1,
	  .bInterfaceProtocol	= 0,
	  .driver_info		= UVC_QUIRK_PROBE_MINMAX },
	...
	...
	...
	/* SiGma Micro USB Web Camera */
	{ .match_flags		= USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO,
	  .idVendor		= 0x1c4f,
	  .idProduct		= 0x3000,
	  .bInterfaceClass	= USB_CLASS_VIDEO,
	  .bInterfaceSubClass	= 1,
	  .bInterfaceProtocol	= 0,
	  .driver_info		= UVC_QUIRK_PROBE_MINMAX | UVC_QUIRK_IGNORE_SELECTOR_UNIT },
	/* Generic USB Video Class */	//通用usb视频类
	{ USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_VIDEO, 1, 0) },	//匹配方法:uvc类
	{}
};

4.probe方法

static int uvc_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);	//通过usb接口获取usb设备
	struct uvc_device *dev;	//声明uvc设备
	int ret;
	if (id->idVendor && id->idProduct)	//有厂商id和商品id(知名设备)
		uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Probing known UVC device %s (%04x:%04x)\n", udev->devpath, id->idVendor,id->idProduct);
	else								//通用uvc设备
		uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Probing generic UVC device %s\n",udev->devpath);
	/* Allocate memory for the device and initialize it. */
	if ((dev = kzalloc(sizeof *dev, GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)	//分配uvc设备内存
		return -ENOMEM;
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->entities);	//初始化entities(实体)链表 Terminal或Unit
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->chains);	//初始化chains(链)链表
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->streams);	//初始化streams(视频流)链表
	atomic_set(&dev->nstreams, 0);
	atomic_set(&dev->users, 0);
	atomic_set(&dev->nmappings, 0);
	dev->udev = usb_get_dev(udev);	//捆绑usb设备,并增加其引用计数
	dev->intf = usb_get_intf(intf);	//捆绑usb接口,并增加其引用计数
	dev->intfnum = intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber;	//获取usb接口描述符接口数
	dev->quirks = (uvc_quirks_param == -1) ? id->driver_info : uvc_quirks_param;
	if (udev->product != NULL)	//存在产品名
		strlcpy(dev->name, udev->product, sizeof dev->name);	//设置uvc设备名字为其产品名
	else						//通用的uvc设备名
		snprintf(dev->name, sizeof dev->name,"UVC Camera (%04x:%04x)",le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor),le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idProduct));
	/* Parse the Video Class control descriptor. */
	if (uvc_parse_control(dev) < 0) {	//-->5 uvc解析usb视频类控制描述符
		uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "Unable to parse UVC descriptors.\n");
		goto error;
	}
	uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Found UVC %u.%02x device %s (%04x:%04x)\n",dev->uvc_version >> 8, dev->uvc_version & 0xff,
		udev->product ? udev->product : "<unnamed>",le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor),le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idProduct));
	if (dev->quirks != id->driver_info) {
		uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Forcing device quirks to 0x%x by module parameter for testing purpose.\n", dev->quirks);
		uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Please report required quirks to the linux-uvc-devel mailing list.\n");
	}
	/* Initialize controls. */
	if (uvc_ctrl_init_device(dev) < 0)	//8.uvc初始化控制
		goto error;
	/* Scan the device for video chains. */
	if (uvc_scan_device(dev) < 0)	//10.uvc扫描视频链
		goto error;
	/* Register video devices. */
	if (uvc_register_chains(dev) < 0)	//11.uvc注册视频设备
		goto error;
	/* Save our data pointer in the interface data. */
	usb_set_intfdata(intf, dev);	//设置uvc设备为usb接口的数据
	/* Initialize the interrupt URB. */
	if ((ret = uvc_status_init(dev)) < 0) {	//12 uvc设备状态初始化
		uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Unable to initialize the status endpoint (%d), status interrupt will not be supported.\n", ret);
	}
	uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_PROBE, "UVC device initialized.\n");
	usb_enable_autosuspend(udev);	//使能自动挂起
	return 0;
error:
	uvc_unregister_video(dev);
	return -ENODEV;
}

4.1 uvc设备结构体

struct uvc_device {
	struct usb_device *udev;	//usb设备指针
	struct usb_interface *intf;	//usb接口指针
	unsigned long warnings;
	__u32 quirks;
	int intfnum;	//接口数
	char name[32];	//设备名
	enum uvc_device_state state;	//uvc设备状态
	atomic_t users;
	atomic_t nmappings;
	/* Video control interface */
	__u16 uvc_version;	//UVC协议版本
	__u32 clock_frequency;	//时钟频率
	struct list_head entities;	//uvc实体链表头(挂着uvc设备的Terminal和Unit)
	struct list_head chains;	//uvc视频链链表头
	/* Video Streaming interfaces */
	struct list_head streams;	//uvc视频流链表头
	atomic_t nstreams;//uvc视频流个数
	/* Status Interrupt Endpoint */
	struct usb_host_endpoint *int_ep;	//usb_host_endpoint对象
	struct urb *int_urb;	//中断urb
	__u8 *status;	//uvc设备状态标志
	struct input_dev *input;	//输入设备
	char input_phys[64];	//输入设备设备节点路径
};

4.2 uvc协议标准上的描述符布局

-->(Interface Association Descript)IDA接口描述符
-->标准VC接口描述符	--------------------------------VC(video control)
	-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->输入Terminal接口描述符-->处理Unit接口描述符-->编码Unit接口描述符-->输出Terminal接口描述符
-->标准中断端点描述符
	-->uvc类中断端点描述符
-->标准VS接口描述符	--------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting 0
	-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->format负荷格式描述符-->若干frame-->静态图像帧格式描述符
	-->uvc类视频接口描述符(header)-->format负荷格式描述符-->若干frame-->静态图像帧格式描述符->颜色匹配描述符
	...(1...n)
	-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符
-->标准VS接口描述符	--------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting 1
	-->标准同步输入视频端点描述符
	-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符
...(1...n)
-->标准VS接口描述符	--------------------------------VS(video streaming) Alt.Setting n
	-->标准同步输入视频端点描述符
	-->Bulk-in 静态图像数据端点描述符

这些布局是可变的 但大体布局是这样,下面两张图也是典型的布局

具体分析的时候可以利用lsubs工具打印所有描述符来分析

usb描述符的框架图

输入命令lsusb -d 0c45:62f1 -v

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0c45:62f1 Microdia 	//总线 设备ID
Device Descriptor:							//设备描述符
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass          239 Miscellaneous Device
  bDeviceSubClass         2 ?
  bDeviceProtocol         1 Interface Association
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  idVendor           0x0c45 Microdia
  idProduct          0x62f1 
  bcdDevice            1.00
  iManufacturer           2 Sonix Technology Co., Ltd.
  iProduct                1 USB 2.0 Camera
  iSerial                 0 
  bNumConfigurations      1
  Configuration Descriptor:					//配置描述符
    bLength                 9
    bDescriptorType         2
    wTotalLength          697
    bNumInterfaces          4
    bConfigurationValue     1
    iConfiguration          0 
    bmAttributes         0x80
      (Bus Powered)
    MaxPower              500mA
    Interface Association:					//3.6 Interface Association Descriptor 
      bLength                 8
      bDescriptorType        11
      bFirstInterface         0
      bInterfaceCount         2
      bFunctionClass         14 Video
      bFunctionSubClass       3 Video Interface Collection
      bFunctionProtocol       0 
      iFunction               5 USB Camera
    Interface Descriptor:					//Table 3-2 Standard VC Interface Descriptor
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        0
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           1
      bInterfaceClass        14 Video
      bInterfaceSubClass      1 Video Control
      bInterfaceProtocol      0 
      iInterface              5 USB Camera
      VideoControl Interface Descriptor:	//Table 3-3 Class-specific VC Interface Header Descriptor
        bLength                13
        bDescriptorType        36
        bDescriptorSubtype      1 (HEADER)	
        bcdUVC               1.00
        wTotalLength