UI界面自动化测试-Selenium_ui自动化测试,模拟点击按钮中的链接-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/paperjie/article/details/140851398

Selenium工作原理

SeleniumAPI

定位元素

Selenium操作对象

**send_keys 在对象上模拟按键输入 **

clear 清除对象输入的文本内容 **

click 点击对象(无限制)

submit 提交(用于form表单) **

getText() 用于获取元素的文本信息

getAttribute() 用于获取属性的值

quit 关闭游览器(quit关闭会将token cookie等删除推荐)
close 关闭游览器(不推荐)

隐式等待 selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver.implicitly_wait(time_to_wait)

使用案例:

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //创建一个游览器驱动
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        //打开百度网页
        webDriver.get("https://www.baidu.com");
        //找到搜索框
        WebElement cearch_input = webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#kw"));
        //输入软件测试
        cearch_input.sendKeys("软件测试");
        //清空搜索框中内容
        cearch_input.clear();
        //输入前端
        cearch_input.sendKeys("前端");
        //找到百度一下,点击
        WebElement baidu_button = webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#su"));
        baidu_button.click();
        //隐式等待
        webDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        //显示等待
        //WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(webDriver, 3);
        //wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#su")));
        //查看是否有前端相关内容
        List<WebElement> search_result = webDriver.findElements(By.xpath("//font[@color=\"#CC0000\"]"));
        for (int i = 0; i < search_result.size(); i++) {
            if(search_result.get(i).getText().equals("前端")) {
                System.out.println("成功");
            }else{
                System.out.println("失败");
            }
        }
        //关闭游览器 quit关闭会将token cookie等删除 推荐
        webDriver.quit();
    }

打印信息

获取title getTitle()
获取url getCurrentUrl()

游览器操作

游览器最大化 webDriver.manage.windows.maximize()

设置游览器大小 webDriver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(x, y))

游览器前进后退 webDriver.navigate().back() / forward()

操作游览器滚动 ((JavascriptExecutor)webDriver).executeScrpt(“document.documentElement.scrollTop=x”)

键盘事件

键盘按键用法和键盘组合用法:

鼠标事件

移动和右键:

public static void main(String[] args) {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("https://baidu.com/");
        //先创建一个Actions
        Actions actions = new Actions(webDriver);
        WebElement element = webDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@target=\"_blank\"]"));
        //鼠标移动到这个按钮上且右键
        actions.moveToElement(element).contextClick().perform();
    }

特殊操作

切换窗口

//切换窗口句柄
    public static void main10(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("https://baidu.com/");
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#s-top-left > a:nth-child(1)")).click();
        sleep(3000);
        //获取当前窗口句柄
        String cur_handle = webDriver.getWindowHandle();
        System.out.println(cur_handle);
        //获取游览器全部窗口的句柄
        Set<String> all_handle = webDriver.getWindowHandles();
        for (String str : all_handle) {
            if (!str.equals(cur_handle)) {
                //将句柄切换到当前窗口句柄
                webDriver.switchTo().window(str);
            }
        }
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#ww")).sendKeys("测试");
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#s_btn_wr")).click();
        sleep(3000);
        List<WebElement> webElements = webDriver.findElements(By.cssSelector("#\\32  > div > h3 > a > em"));
        System.out.println(webElements.toString());
        for (int i = 0; i < webElements.size(); i++) {
            if(webElements.get(i).getText().equals("测试")) {
                System.out.println("测试成功");
            } else {
                System.out.println("测试失败");
            }
        }

截图

引入依赖:

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.16.0</version>
</dependency>

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
    webDriver.get("https://baidu.com/");
    //截图 把截下来的图放到File临时变量中
    File file = ((TakesScreenshot)webDriver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
    //把File保存在磁盘中
    FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File("D:/测试.png"));
}

选择一组元素

public static void main(String[] args) {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("");
        List<WebElement> webElements = webDriver.findElements(By.cssSelector(""));
        for(int i = 0; i < webElements.size(); i++) {
            if (webElements.get(i).getAttribute("").equals("")) {
                webElements.get(i).click();
            }
        }
    }

定位iframe下标签

 private static void Page02() throws InterruptedException {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("http://localhost:63342/Test01/Page/test02.html?_ijt=hsrkct8hrvk081crvik4rmae0k&_ij_reload=RELOAD_ON_SAVE");
        webDriver.switchTo().frame("f1");
        sleep(3000);
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body > div > div > a")).click();
    }

定位下拉框选项

//定位下拉框选项
    public static void main3(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("http://localhost:63342/measurement/page/a.html?_ijt=fpqtishuhhavpgqi7lpf6mti4p&_ij_reload=RELOAD_ON_SAVE");
        WebElement webElement = webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#ShippingMethod"));
        //创建一个Select对象
        Select select = new Select(webElement);
        //第一种方式 通过序号选中选项, 下标从0开始
        select.selectByIndex(2);
        sleep(3000);
        select.selectByValue("12.51");
    }

定位弹窗

//定位弹窗
    public static void main4(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("file:///D:/code/java-ee/code/measurement/src/main/java/page/b.html");
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body > button")).click();
        //弹框里输入啊哈哈哈哈哈哈
        webDriver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("啊哈哈哈哈哈哈");
        sleep(3000);
        //弹框确定
        webDriver.switchTo().alert().accept();
        /*弹框取消
        webDriver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();*/
        String txt = webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body > div")).getText();
        if(txt.equals("啊哈哈哈哈哈哈")) {
            System.out.println("测试成功");
        }else {
            System.out.println("测试失败");
        }
    }

上传文件

//上传文件
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        webDriver.get("file:///D:/code/java-ee/code/measurement/src/main/java/page/c.html");
        sleep(3000);
        //上传文件
        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body > input[type=file]")).sendKeys("D:\\brower\\网络原理2.png");
    }