Dapr专题之06Actors

#Dapr Actors

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

Actors简介以及优势

• 是一种单线程执行的工作模式

• 避免代码里显示lock

• 避免死锁，避免性能问题

• 使并发编程简单

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调用终结点

http://localhost:<dapr-port>/v1.0/actors/<actorType>/<actorId>/

• <dapr-port>:Dapr正在侦听的HTTP端口
  

• <actorType>：执行组件类型。
  

• <actorId>：要调用的特定参与者的ID。
  

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代码编写

1. 新建类库Common，引入Nuget包：
   Dapr.Actors
   Dapr.Actors.AspNetCore

2. 新建接口IWorkflowActor，写入以下代码：

    public interface IWorkflowActor : IActor
    {
        Task<bool> Approve();
    }
   

3. BackEnd 引用Common，新建Actors文件夹，定义WorkflowActor，实现IWorkflowActor

     public class WorkflowActor : Actor, IWorkflowActor
     {
         public WorkflowActor(ActorHost host) : base(host)
         {
         }
   
     public async Task<bool> Approve()
     {
         await StateManager.AddOrUpdateStateAsync(Id.ToString(), "approve", (key, currentStatus) => "approve");
         return true;
     }
   }
   

4. 注册Actors，映射Actors路由

    	builder.Services.AddActors(options =>
    	{
    	    options.Actors.RegisterActor<WorkflowActor>();
    	});
   
    	app.MapActorsHandlers();
   
   

5. FrontEnd引入Common，并新建ActorsClientController，添加以下接口

   [HttpGet("{orderId}")]
   public async Task<ActionResult> ApproveAsync(string orderId)
   {
       var actorId = new ActorId("actorprifix-" + orderId);
       var proxy = ActorProxy.Create<IWorkflowActor>(actorId, "WorkflowActor");
   
       return Ok(await proxy.Approve());
   }
   

运行与测试

• 启动BackEnd

  dapr run --dapr-http-port 3511 --app-port 5000 --app-id backend dotnet  .\BackEnd\bin\Debug\net6.0\BackEnd.dll --app-ssl
  

• 启动FrontEnd

  dapr run --dapr-http-port 3501 --app-port 5001  --app-id frontend dotnet  .\FrontEnd\bin\Debug\net6.0\FrontEnd.dll
  

调用API可以看到成功返回true:
http://localhost:5001/api/ActorsClient/123

Redis里面也可以看到状态变为了approve

Timer和Reminders

• timer和reminder可以设置后台定时触发Actor，两者区别在于，Timer的数据是不会持久化的且只能作用于激活状态的Actor,Reminders则反之。

• 代码实现

  1. 在IWorkflowActor中声明如下方法

      Task RegisterTimer();
      Task UnregisterTimer();
      Task RegisterReminder();
      Task UnregisterReminder();
     

  2. 在WorkflowActor中继承IRemindable并实现以下方法

     public Task RegisterTimer()
     {
            var serializedTimerParams = JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes("now is " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
            //TestTimer 注册进Actor的名称
            //nameof(this.TimerCallback)  注册进Actor的方法
            //serializedTimerParams 注册进Actor的方法的参数
            //TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3) 多长时间后第一次执行
            //TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3) 间隔多长时间执行
            return this.RegisterTimerAsync("TestTimer", nameof(this.TimerCallback), serializedTimerParams, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3));
     }
     
     public async Task TimerCallback(byte[] data)
     {
         var stateKey = "nowtime";
         var content = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<string>(data);
         _logger.LogInformation(" ---------" + content);
         await this.StateManager.SetStateAsync<string>(stateKey, content);
     }
     
     public Task UnregisterTimer()
     {
       //从Actor中注销
         return this.UnregisterTimerAsync("TestTimer");
     }
     
     public async Task RegisterReminder()
     {
         await this.RegisterReminderAsync("TestReminder", null, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
     }
     
     public async Task ReceiveReminderAsync(string reminderName, byte[] state, TimeSpan dueTime, TimeSpan period)
     {
         var stateKey = "nowtime";
         var content = "now is " + DateTime.Now.ToString();
         _logger.LogInformation(" reminder---------" + content);
         await this.StateManager.SetStateAsync<string>(stateKey, content);
     }
     
     public Task UnregisterReminder()
     {
         return this.UnregisterReminderAsync("TestReminder");
     }
     
     

  3. 在ActorsClientController中新增以下接口

     [HttpGet("timer/{orderId}")]
     public async Task<ActionResult> TimerAsync(string orderId)
     {
         var actorId = new ActorId("actorprifix-" + orderId);
         var proxy = ActorProxy.Create<IWorkflowActor>(actorId, "WorkflowActor");
         await proxy.RegisterTimer();
         return Ok("done");
     }
     
     [HttpGet("unregist/timer/{orderId}")]
     public async Task<ActionResult> UnregistTimerAsync(string orderId)
     {
         var actorId = new ActorId("actorprifix-" + orderId);
         var proxy = ActorProxy.Create<IWorkflowActor>(actorId, "WorkflowActor");
         await proxy.UnregisterTimer();
         return Ok("done");
     }
     
     [HttpGet("reminder/{orderId}")]
     public async Task<ActionResult> ReminderAsync(string orderId)
     {
         var actorId = new ActorId("actorprifix-" + orderId);
         var proxy = ActorProxy.Create<IWorkflowActor>(actorId, "WorkflowActor");
         await proxy.RegisterReminder();
         return Ok("done");
     }
     
     [HttpGet("unregist/reminder/{orderId}")]
     public async Task<ActionResult> UnregistReminderAsync(string orderId)
     {
         var actorId = new ActorId("actorprifix-" + orderId);
         var proxy = ActorProxy.Create<IWorkflowActor>(actorId, "WorkflowActor");
         await proxy.UnregisterReminder();
         return Ok("done");
     }
     

启动并测试

• 启动BackEnd

  dapr run --dapr-http-port 3511 --app-port 5000 --app-id backend dotnet  .\BackEnd\bin\Debug\net6.0\BackEnd.dll --app-ssl
  

• 启动FrontEnd

  dapr run --dapr-http-port 3501 --app-port 5001  --app-id frontend dotnet  .\FrontEnd\bin\Debug\net6.0\FrontEnd.dll
  

测试timer：
http://localhost:5001/api/ActorsClient/timer/123

查看Redis中的值：

在此处，我们可以把BackEnd 重启一下，可以发现timer不会触发，也验证了文章开头所说的timer不会持久化

测试reminder：
http://localhost:5001/api/ActorsClient/reminder/123

查看Redis中的值：

在此处，我们同样把BackEnd 重启一下，可以发现reminder还是会触发，验证了reminder会进行数据持久化操作

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总结

以上就是这次要给大家分享的内容，本文介绍了Dapr中关于Actors的相关内容，下次将给大家介绍Dapr中的绑定，欢迎各位朋友点赞收藏，同时希望本文能够给大家带来一丝帮助与启发。