C/C++ 学习记录(持续更新)-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/passion_l/article/details/125064349

样例测试

1.字符串常用方法

//Test.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    char* str ="Hello,world";
    char* str1 = "Hello,world";
    cout<< str <<endl;
    //字符串比较
    int state = strcmp(str,str1); //相同返回0
    cout << state << endl;

    //字符串赋值
    char* str2 = str;  //指针指向
    char str3[20] = {};
    strcpy(str3,str);  //复制方法
    cout << str2 <<";"<<str3<< endl;

    //获取字符串长度
    cout << "str length="<<strlen(str) << endl;

    //合并字符串
    char a[20] = "hello";
    char* b = " world";
    strcat(a,b);
    cout<<a<<endl;

    return 0;
}

2.只在C文件中可正常运行的方法

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

int main(void){
   char *str1="www.dotcpp.com";
   char *str2="WWW.DOTCPP.COM";
   int p=strnicmp(str2,str1,3);  //比较字符串str2和str1的前3个字符但不区分大小写
   if(p>0){
      printf("str2 is greater than str1\n");
   }else if(p<0){
      printf("str2 is less than str1\n");
   }else{
      printf("str2 is equals str1\n");
   }
   return 0;
}

3.C语言结构体中引用方法的小案例

//printPerson.c
#include <stdio.h>

struct Person {
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
    void (*printInfo)(struct Person *person);  //结构体中声明方法
};

void printInfo(struct Person *per){  //具体方法实现
    printf("name=%s,age=%d,work=%s\n",per->name,per->age,per->work);
}

int main(int argc,char **argv){
    struct Person persons[2] = {
        {"zhangshan",35,"teacher",printInfo},  //这里做函数关联，把结构体中声明的方法引用到具体的实现方法上
        {"lisi",42,"doctor",printInfo}
    };

    persons[0].printInfo(&persons[0]);
    persons[1].printInfo(&persons[1]);

    return 0;
}

4.把以上C程序改为c++程序，让程序更简单

//c++拓展了结构体的功能，使结构体里的方法可以直接访问结构体内的变量
//printPerson.cpp
#include <stdio.h>

struct Person {
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
    void printInfo(void){
        printf("print:name=%s,age=%d,work=%s\n",name,age,work);
    };
};

int main(int argc,char **argv){
    struct Person persons[] = {
        {"zhangshan",35,"teacher"},
        {"lisi",42,"doctor"},
    };

    persons[0].printInfo();
    persons[1].printInfo();

    return 0;
}

5.把以上c++更新更进一步使用c++中的类

//printPerson.cpp
#include <stdio.h>

class Person {
    public:
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
    void printInfo(void){
        printf("PRINT:name=%s,age=%d,work=%s\n",name,age,work);
    };
};

int main(int argc,char **argv){
    struct Person persons[] = {
        {"zhangshan",35,"teacher"},
        {"lisi",42,"doctor"},
    };

    persons[0].printInfo();
    persons[1].printInfo();

    return 0;
}