- 配置静态路由
问题
路由器可以将不同网段之间的网络连接到一起,当路由器接收到数据包后要查看数据包中的目标IP,再检查自己的路由表,如果路由表中有和目标IP相匹配的路由条目,路由器才能将数据包按照该路由条目所指定的端口转发出去,实现不同网络之间的通信,那么路由器中的路由表是如何实现的呢?配置了路由器接口IP并为UP状态路由表中自动生成直连路由,对于非直连的路由,需通过静态路由管理员手工添加或通过配置动态路自动学习。
配置静态路由
配置浮动静态路由
配置缺省路由
方案
网络环境及IP地址规划,如图-1所示。
图-1
本例中的配置练习采用思科模拟器 —— Cisco Packet Tracer 6.0,Route采用2621路由器实现。
步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:配置静态路由
1)R1上配置接口IP
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
2)R2上配置接口IP
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
3)R1上添加静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
4)R1上查看路由表
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area-
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //S表示静态路由
5)R2上添加静态路由
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
6)R2上查看路由条目
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
-
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1 //S表示静态路由
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
7)配置PC1的IP地址为192.168.1.1,网关为192.168.1.254
8)配置PC2的IP地址为192.168.3.1,网关为192.168.3.254
9)测试网络连通性,PC1 ping 192.168.3.1
PC>ping 192.168.3.1
Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 8ms
步骤二:配置浮动静态路由
1)在以上静态路由实验的基础上,先分别进入R1与R2的特权模式输入write命令保存配置信息,然后分别进入R1与R2的物理配置界面,点击开关按钮关闭路由器,添加NM-1FE-TX模块并再次点击开关按钮,如下图-2所示。
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
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配置静态路由
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-15 00:06:44 发布