两个超级函数filter()和map()

两个超级函数filter()和map()

filter() 过滤器

>>> help(filter)
Help on class filter in module builtins:

class filter(object)
 |  filter(function or None, iterable) --> filter object
 |  
 |  Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item)
 |  is true. If function is None, return the items that are true.
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)
 |      Return getattr(self, name).
 |  
 |  __iter__(self, /)
 |      Implement iter(self).
 |  
 |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
 |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
 |  
 |  __next__(self, /)
 |      Implement next(self).
 |  
 |  __reduce__(...)
 |      Return state information for pickling.

filter 可以由两个参数，一个是函数或者 None 对象，另一个是可迭代的列表
当第一个参数是 None 对象时，filter 会将可迭代的列表中的项为 True 的项返回出来
例如：

>>> list(filter(None,[1, 0, False, True]))
[1, True]

再例如，利用filter筛选出奇数的列表

>>> def odd(x):
    return x % 2

>>> temp = range(10)
>>> show = filter(odd, temp)
>>> list(show)
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

>>> list(filter(lambda x : x % 2,range(10)))
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

map() 映射

>>> help(map)
Help on class map in module builtins:

class map(object)
 |  map(func, *iterables) --> map object
 |  
 |  Make an iterator that computes the function using arguments from
 |  each of the iterables.  Stops when the shortest iterable is exhausted.
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)
 |      Return getattr(self, name).
 |  
 |  __iter__(self, /)
 |      Implement iter(self).
 |  
 |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
 |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
 |  
 |  __next__(self, /)
 |      Implement next(self).
 |  
 |  __reduce__(...)
 |      Return state information for pickling.

map() 可以有两个参数，一个是函数，另一个是可迭代的列表，可迭代的列表中的每一个项作为第一个参数（函数）的参数参与运算，最后返回经过函数运算后的列表
例如：

>>> list(map(lambda x : x * 2,range(10)))
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]