两种建立windows程序的框架代码

对于基本的windows程序，其架构都有十分相似的地方，所以才会有wizard来自动生成框架，下面的两个框架第一个采用的是基本的方式：WinMain()函数和WndProc()结合；另一种是采用类的方式，利用继承的特性。总的来说一个windows API程序建立的大致过程：程序信息的初始化（如：窗口标题，显示的内容等）——》定义窗口类(WNDCLASS)——》注册窗口类（RegisterClass()）——》建立窗口对象（CreateWindow()）——》显示窗口（ShowWindow（））——》更新窗口(UpdateWindow())——》消息循环——》结束程序。

1、
#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#include
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE ,PWSTR pCmdLine,int nCmdShow)
{
    //register the window class
    const wchar_t CLASS_NAME[]=L"Sample Window Class";
    WNDCLASS wc={ };
    wc.lpfnWndProc=WindowProc;
    wc.hInstance=hInstance;
    wc.lpszClassName=CLASS_NAME;
    RegisterClass(&wc);
    //create the window
    HWND hwnd=CreateWindowEx(
        0,           //optional window style
        CLASS_NAME,   //window class
        L"Learn to Program Windows",  //window class
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,  //window style
        //size and position
        CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL,    //parent window
        NULL ,     //menu
        hInstance,  //instance handle
        NULL      //additional application data
        );
    if(hwnd==NULL)
    {return 0;}
    ShowWindow(hwnd,nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    //run the message loop
    MSG msg={ };
    while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }
    return 0;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(uMsg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
    case WM_PAINT:
        {
            PAINTSTRUCT ps;
            HDC hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
            FillRect(hdc,&ps.rcPaint,(HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1));
            EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
        }
        return 0;
    }
    return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
}
//另一种采用面向对象方法的实现方式
#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#include
// defien the BaseWindow class
template
class BaseWindow
{
public:
    static LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
    {
        DERIVED_TYPE *pThis = NULL;

        if (uMsg == WM_NCCREATE)    //WM_NCCREATE 是应用程序状态标识符
        {
            CREATESTRUCT* pCreate = (CREATESTRUCT*)lParam;
            pThis = (DERIVED_TYPE*)pCreate->lpCreateParams;
            SetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_USERDATA, (LONG_PTR)pThis);

            pThis->m_hwnd = hwnd;
        }
        else
        {
            pThis = (DERIVED_TYPE*)GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_USERDATA);
        }
        if (pThis)
        {
            return pThis->HandleMessage(uMsg, wParam, lParam);  //调用类的成员函数HandleMessage（）
        }
        else
        {
            return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
        }
    }

    BaseWindow() : m_hwnd(NULL) { }

    BOOL Create(
        PCWSTR lpWindowName,
        DWORD dwStyle,
        DWORD dwExStyle = 0,
        int x = CW_USEDEFAULT,
        int y = CW_USEDEFAULT,
        int nWidth = CW_USEDEFAULT,
        int nHeight = CW_USEDEFAULT,
        HWND hWndParent = 0,
        HMENU hMenu = 0
        )
    {
        WNDCLASS wc = {0};

        wc.lpfnWndProc   = DERIVED_TYPE::WindowProc;
        wc.hInstance     = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
        wc.lpszClassName = ClassName();

        RegisterClass(&wc);

        m_hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
            dwExStyle, ClassName(), lpWindowName, dwStyle, x, y,
            nWidth, nHeight, hWndParent, hMenu, GetModuleHandle(NULL), this
            );

        return (m_hwnd ? TRUE : FALSE);
    }

    HWND Window() const { return m_hwnd; }

protected:

    virtual PCWSTR  ClassName() const = 0;      //纯虚函数
    virtual LRESULT HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) = 0;    //纯虚函数

    HWND m_hwnd;
};
//define the MainWindow class
class MainWindow : public BaseWindow
{
public:
    PCWSTR  ClassName() const { return L"Sample Window Class"; }
    LRESULT HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
};
//define the  message processed function
LRESULT MainWindow::HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (uMsg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;

    case WM_PAINT:
        {
            PAINTSTRUCT ps;
            HDC hdc = BeginPaint(m_hwnd, &ps);
            FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW+1));
            EndPaint(m_hwnd, &ps);
        }
        return 0;

    default:
        return DefWindowProc(m_hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return TRUE;
}
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MainWindow win;

    if (!win.Create(L"Learn to Program Windows", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW))
    {
        return 0;
    }

    ShowWindow(win.Window(), nCmdShow);

    // Run the message loop.

    MSG msg = { };
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }

    return 0;
}