值传递、指针传递、引用传递
只有在函数调用时,才会为形参分配内存空间,调用结束便会释放。
值传递和指针传递,传递的都是实参的一份拷贝。
C语言在线编译器:http://www.dooccn.com/c/
值传递:
#include <stdio.h>
void exchange(int x, int y)
{
int tmp;
tmp = x;
x = y;
y = tmp;
printf("x=%d,&x=%d\ny=%d,&y=%d\n",x,&x,y,&y);
}
int main(void)
{
int a=3, b=4;
printf("a=%d,&a=%d\nb=%d,&b=%d\n",a,&a,b,&b);
exchange(a,b);
printf("a=%d,&a=%d\nb=%d,&b=%d\n",a,&a,b,&b);
return 0;
}
地址传递:
#include <stdio.h>
void exchange(int *x, int *y)
{
int *tmp=NULL;
tmp = x;
x = y;
y = tmp;
printf("*x=%d, x=%d\n", *x, x);
printf("*y=%d, y=%d\n", *y, y);
}
int main(void)
{
int a=3, b=4;
printf("a=%d, &a=%d\n", a, &a);
printf("b=%d, &b=%d\n", b, &b);
exchange(&a,&b);
printf("a=%d, &a=%d\n", a, &a);
printf("b=%d, &b=%d\n", b, &b);
return 0;
}
引用传递:
#include <stdio.h>
void exchange(int &x, int &y)
{
int tmp;
tmp = x;
x = y;
y = tmp;
printf("x=%d, &x=0x%d\n", x, &x);
printf("y=%d, &y=0x%d\n", y, &y);
}
int main(void)
{
int a=3, b=4;
printf("a=%d, &a=0x%d\n", a, &a);
printf("b=%d, &b=0x%d\n", b, &b);
exchange(a,b);
printf("a=%d, &a=0x%d\n", a, &a);
printf("b=%d, &b=0x%d\n", b, &b);
return 0;
}