门面模式——Head First Design Patterns

定义：集成子系统的接口，对外提供一个统一的接口，以方便高层接口对其调用。

 

使用场景：当对外提供的接口比较多，使用者很难掌握时

 

类图：

代码样例：

package headfirst.facade.hometheater;

public class HomeTheaterFacade {
	Amplifier amp;
	Tuner tuner;
	DvdPlayer dvd;
	CdPlayer cd;
	Projector projector;
	TheaterLights lights;
	Screen screen;
	PopcornPopper popper;
 
	public HomeTheaterFacade(Amplifier amp, 
				 Tuner tuner, 
				 DvdPlayer dvd, 
				 CdPlayer cd, 
				 Projector projector, 
				 Screen screen,
				 TheaterLights lights,
				 PopcornPopper popper) {
 
		this.amp = amp;
		this.tuner = tuner;
		this.dvd = dvd;
		this.cd = cd;
		this.projector = projector;
		this.screen = screen;
		this.lights = lights;
		this.popper = popper;
	}
 
	public void watchMovie(String movie) {
		System.out.println("Get ready to watch a movie...");
		popper.on();
		popper.pop();
		lights.dim(10);
		screen.down();
		projector.on();
		projector.wideScreenMode();
		amp.on();
		amp.setDvd(dvd);
		amp.setSurroundSound();
		amp.setVolume(5);
		dvd.on();
		dvd.play(movie);
	}
 
 
	public void endMovie() {
		System.out.println("Shutting movie theater down...");
		popper.off();
		lights.on();
		screen.up();
		projector.off();
		amp.off();
		dvd.stop();
		dvd.eject();
		dvd.off();
	}

	public void listenToCd(String cdTitle) {
		System.out.println("Get ready for an audiopile experence...");
		lights.on();
		amp.on();
		amp.setVolume(5);
		amp.setCd(cd);
		amp.setStereoSound();
		cd.on();
		cd.play(cdTitle);
	}

	public void endCd() {
		System.out.println("Shutting down CD...");
		amp.off();
		amp.setCd(cd);
		cd.eject();
		cd.off();
	}

	public void listenToRadio(double frequency) {
		System.out.println("Tuning in the airwaves...");
		tuner.on();
		tuner.setFrequency(frequency);
		amp.on();
		amp.setVolume(5);
		amp.setTuner(tuner);
	}

	public void endRadio() {
		System.out.println("Shutting down the tuner...");
		tuner.off();
		amp.off();
	}
}

 

 

优点：1）简化对外接口，方便使用

缺点：

 

类似的设计模式： 1）装饰者模式，侧重于增强功能 2）命令模式，侧重于解耦请求和执行，并且支持可重复操作 3）门面模式，侧重于简化对外接口

 

配套的内功心法：1）最少知识原则，仅和关联性最强的对象打交道 2）不要调用其它方法返回的对象的方法，调用方法的原则：调用对象本身的方法；调用方法参数传递的对象的方法；方法内部创建或者实例化的对象的方法；组合到该对象的方法