git diff
可以用来比较:
1.staging area和working area的文件 (无其他参数时)
- git diff
git diff
2.master分支和working area的文件 (用master参数)
- git diff master
git diff master
- git diff HEAD
git diff HEAD
4.用远程master分支比较当前工作区
- git diff refs/remotes/origin/master
git diff refs/remotes/origin/master
5.经常还要用到master分支的某个文件的历史版本和working area的该文件的比较
- git diff 0c5ee16a6a4c849d0ae0448caa8ff174399c7c3c ./socket_helper.cpp
git diff 0c5ee16a6a4c849d0ae0448caa8ff174399c7c3c ./socket_helper.cpp
上面的命令中, diff后面的参数指的是commit id, ./socket_helper.cpp是要比较的文件路径。
diff的命令输出格式注意:
- ---代表源文件
- +++代表目标文件
---代表源文件
+++代表目标文件
通常working area的文件都是被当作目标文件来看待。
-开头的行,是只出现在源文件中的行
+开头的行,是只出现在目标文件中的行
空格开头的行,是源文件和目标文件中都出现的行
差异按照差异小结进行组织,每个差异小结的第一行都是定位语句,由@@开头,@@结尾。
- chenshu@chenshu-yangzhou-home:~/kaimei/data_service/src$ git diff 0c5ee16a6a4c849d0ae0448caa8ff174399c7c3c ./socket_helper.cpp
- diff --git a/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp b/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
- index d606452..047e213 100755
- --- a/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
- +++ b/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
- @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
- #include "data/login_response.h"
- #include "data/heartbeat_response.h"
- #include "helper/parser.h"
- +#include "helper/time_measure.h"
- #include <booster/log.h>
- #include "exception/socket_error.h"
- #include "exception/data_error.h"
chenshu@chenshu-yangzhou-home:~/kaimei/data_service/src$ git diff 0c5ee16a6a4c849d0ae0448caa8ff174399c7c3c ./socket_helper.cpp
diff --git a/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp b/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
index d606452..047e213 100755
--- a/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
+++ b/data_service/src/socket_helper.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
#include "data/login_response.h"
#include "data/heartbeat_response.h"
#include "helper/parser.h"
+#include "helper/time_measure.h"
#include <booster/log.h>
#include "exception/socket_error.h"
#include "exception/data_error.h"
上面的diff结果表明
1.某个提交记录0c5ee代表的socket_helper.cpp文件是源文件,当前working area的socket_helper文件是目标文件。
2.在源文件第4行开始的6行和目标文件第4行开始的7行构成一个差异小结
3.这个差异小结中,目标文件添加了一行#include "helper/time_measure.h"
4.其他空格开头的行表明没有差异。