20150612_OC之字典NSDictionary及NSMutableDictionary

//NSDictionary

//创建一个不可变字典对象

//NSMutableDictionary

//创建一个可变字典对象

//字典中对象都是键值对:key-->value

//字典中的键值对是没有顺序的

//字典中的key是唯一的,但是value是不唯一的,一个value可以有多个key

//
//  main.m
//  IOS150612_ObjectiveC_Dictionary
//
//  Created by Peng Junlong on 15/6/12.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 Peng Junlong. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

//NSDictionary
//创建一个不可变字典对象

//NSMutableDictionary
//创建一个可变字典对象

//字典中对象都是键值对:key-->value
//字典中的键值对是没有顺序的
//字典中的key是唯一的,但是value是不唯一的,一个value可以有多个key

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        //用Value及key构建字典对象
        NSDictionary *dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"four",@"4",@"three",@"3",@"two",@"2",@"one",@"1", @"four",@"5",@"two",@"6",nil];//前面的是value,后面的是key
        NSLog(@"%@",dic);
        
        //创建常量字典对象
        NSDictionary *dic2 = @{@"4":@"four",@"3":@"three",@"2":@"two"};
        NSLog(@"dic2 = %@",dic2);
        
        //用传入的字典对象创建字典对象
        NSDictionary *dic3 = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic];
        NSLog(@"dic3 = %@",dic3);
        
        //用传入的value数组及key数组创建字典对象,个数一一对应
        NSDictionary *dic4 = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:@[@"four",@"three",@"two"] forKeys:@[@"4",@"3",@"2"]];
        NSLog(@"dic4 = %@",dic4);
        
        //创建一个空的字典对象
        NSDictionary *dic5 = [[NSDictionary alloc] init];
        NSLog(@"dic5 = %@",dic5);
        
        //类方法创建字典对象
        //跟initWithObjectsAndKeys:对应
        NSDictionary *dic6 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"four",@"4",@"three",@"3",@"two",@"2",@"one",@"1", nil];
        NSLog(@"dic6 = %@",dic6);
        
        //跟initWithObjects:forKeys:对应
        NSDictionary *dic7 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:@[@"four",@"three",@"two"] forKeys:@[@"4",@"3",@"2"]];
        NSLog(@"dic7 = %@",dic7);
        
        //计算字典中键值对的个数
        NSUInteger len = [dic7 count];
        NSLog(@"Len = %ld",len);
        
        //获取key对应的值
        id value = [dic objectForKey:@"2"];
        NSLog(@"value = %@",value);
        
        //获取所有的key,返回一个数组
        NSArray *keys = [dic allKeys];
        NSLog(@"keys = %@",keys);
        
        //获取value对应的多有的key
        NSArray *keys2 = [dic allKeysForObject:@"four"];
        NSLog(@"keys2 = %@",keys2);
        
        //获取字典中多有的值
        NSArray *values = [dic allValues];
        NSLog(@"value = %@",values);
        
        //判断两个字典是否相等
        BOOL result = [dic isEqualToDictionary:dic2];
        NSLog(@"result = %d",result);
        
        //遍历字典,实质上是遍历字典的key
        //枚举器法,枚举key
        NSEnumerator *keysArray = [dic keyEnumerator];
        for (id item in keysArray) {
            NSLog(@"%@:%@",item, [dic objectForKey:item]);
        }
        
        //快速枚举法,枚举的是key
        for (id key in dic) {
            NSLog(@"%@:%@",key, [dic objectForKey:key]);
        }
        
        //只遍历字典中的值,不能查找到key,因为value对应的不一定是唯一的
        NSEnumerator *valueArray = [dic objectEnumerator];
        for (id item in valueArray) {
            NSLog(@"value = %@",item);
        }
        
        /****************	Mutable Dictionary	****************/
        //可变字典操作
        //构造指定容量大小的字典对象
        NSMutableDictionary *mulDict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:20];
        NSLog(@"mulDict = %@",mulDict);
        
        //删除指定的key对应的键值对
        NSMutableDictionary *mulDict2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:@{@"4":@"four",@"3":@"three",@"2":@"two"}];
        [mulDict2 removeObjectForKey:@"3"];
        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
        //添加(或者修改)键值对,如果当前字典中已经有了这个key,则对这个key进行修改,若没有就是添加
        [mulDict2 setObject:@"seven" forKey:@"2"];  //  修改
        [mulDict2 setObject:@"seven" forKey:@"3"];  //  添加
        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
        //将传入的字典中的键值对添加到字典中,若有相同的键,则起到修改字典中相对应键的键值对
        [mulDict2 addEntriesFromDictionary:dic3];
        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
        //删除所有的键值对,即清空字典对象
//        [mulDict2 removeAllObjects];
//        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
        //删除key数组对应的所有键值对
        [mulDict2 removeObjectsForKeys:@[@"2",@"4",@"6"]];
        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
        //重置字典对象
        [mulDict2 setDictionary:dic];
        NSLog(@"%mulDict2 = %@",mulDict2);
        
    }
    return 0;
}