【Java基础】基于Java的学生信息管理系统

好久没有写过这种简单的程序了，这次写这个也主要是给一个刚学习java的兄弟看，让他了解怎么写这种简单的小项目。这个学生管理系统主要涉及的java基础知识有变量、数据类型、流程控制、数组操作、面向对象、数据封装（构造、重载）、多态、接口、集合、异常、线程（用了一个线程延时）等。语法都是用的相对简单的语法，便于初学者学习和观看。

程序结构   -----Main.java  程序入口

                  -----Student.java   学生实体

                  ------StudentService.java   学生信息操作相关接口

                  -------StudentServiceImpl.java    学生信息操作相关接口实现类

操作：项目中创建这四个文件即可，运行Main.java 的 main 就可以了.

 

 

1.Main.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author pengyangyan
 */
public class Main {

    /**
     * 学生列表
     */
    private static List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();

    /**
     * 输入
     */
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    /**
     * 是否登录的标志
     */
    private static boolean isLogin = false;

    /**
     *  当前登录的学生信息
     */
    private static Student current = new Student();

    private static StudentServiceImpl studentService = new StudentServiceImpl();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("正在初始化学生信息....");
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        studentService.initStudentList(students);
        int choose = Integer.parseInt(Menu());
        while (choose<11){
            switch (choose) {
                case 1:
                    login();
                    break;
                case 2:
                    regester();
                    break;
                case 3:
                    studentService.printStudentList(students);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    if (isLogin){
                        System.out.println("====>个人资料");
                        studentService.printMine(current);
                    }else {
                        System.out.println("您尚未登录！");
                    }
                    break;
                case 5: {
                    if (isLogin){
                        System.out.println("输入需要删除的学生姓名");
                        String name = scanner.next();
                        studentService.deleteStudentInfo(students, name);
                    }else {
                        System.out.println("请先登录!");
                    }
                }
                break;
                case 6:
                    update();
                    break;
                case 7:
                    sortByScore();
                    break;
                case 8:
                    sortByAge();
                    break;
                case 9:
                    getGrade();
                    break;
                case 10:
                    getSex();
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误");
                    break;

            }
            choose = Integer.parseInt(Menu());
        }

    }

    private static String Menu() {
        System.out.println("=============学生管理系统============");
        System.out.println("1.登录");
        System.out.println("2.注册");
        System.out.println("3.查看学生列表");
        System.out.println("4.查看个人信息");
        System.out.println("5.删除学生信息");
        System.out.println("6.更新学生信息");
        System.out.println("7.根据学生成绩排名");
        System.out.println("8.根据学生年龄排名");
        System.out.println("9.获取某个年级学生");
        System.out.println("10.获取某个性别的学生");
        System.out.println("11.退出");
        System.out.println("==================================");
        System.out.print("输入你需要选择的选项编号:");
        return scanner.next();
    }


    /**
     * 登录系统
     */
    private static void login(){
        System.out.print("输入学号:");
        String username = scanner.next();
        System.out.print("输入密码:");
        String password = scanner.next();
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getStuNo().equals(username) && student.getPassword().equals(password)){
                isLogin = true;
                current.setStuNo(student.getStuNo());
                current.setName(student.getName());
                current.setAge(student.getAge());
                current.setSex(student.getSex());
                current.setScore(student.getScore());
                current.setGrade(student.getGrade());
                current.setPassword(student.getPassword());
                break;
            }
        }
        if (isLogin){
            System.out.println("登录成功");
        }else {
            System.out.println("学号或者密码错误");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 注册/添加学生
     */
    private static void regester(){
        System.out.println("输入学生基本信息=====>");
        System.out.print("学号：");
        String stuNo = scanner.next();
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getStuNo().equals(stuNo)){
                System.out.println("已存在改学号学生，请重新输入");
                System.out.print("学号：");
                stuNo = scanner.next();
            }
        }
        System.out.print("姓名：");
        String name = scanner.next();
        System.out.print("性别：");
        String sex = scanner.next();
        System.out.print("年龄：");
        Integer age = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.print("成绩：");
        Integer score = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.print("年级：");
        String grade = scanner.next();
        System.out.print("密码：");
        String password = scanner.next();
        Student student = new Student(stuNo,name,age,sex,score,grade,password);
        studentService.addStudentInfo(students,student);

    }

    /**
     * 更新学生信息
     */
    private static void update(){
        if (isLogin){
            studentService.printStudentList(students);
            System.out.print("输入需要更新的学号：");
            String stuNo = scanner.next();
            System.out.print("姓名：");
            String name = scanner.next();
            System.out.print("性别：");
            String sex = scanner.next();
            System.out.print("年龄：");
            Integer age = scanner.nextInt();
            System.out.print("成绩：");
            Integer score = scanner.nextInt();
            System.out.print("年级：");
            String grade = scanner.next();
            System.out.print("密码：");
            String password = scanner.next();
            Student student = new Student(stuNo,name,age,sex,score,grade,password);
            studentService.updateStudentInfo(students,student);
        }else {
            System.out.println("请先登录！");
        }

    }


    /**
     * 按成绩排名
     */
    private static void sortByScore(){
        List<Student> list = students;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size()-1; i++) {
            for (int j = i+1; j<list.size();j++ ){
                if (list.get(i).getScore()>list.get(j).getScore()){
                    swap(list.get(i),list.get(j));
                }
            }
        }
        studentService.printStudentList(list);

    }

    /**
     * 按年龄排名
     */
    private static void sortByAge(){
        List<Student> list = students;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size()-1; i++) {
            for (int j = i+1; j<list.size();j++ ){
                if (list.get(i).getAge()>list.get(j).getAge()){
                    swap(list.get(i),list.get(j));
                }
            }
        }
        studentService.printStudentList(list);

    }

    private static void getSex(){
        System.out.println("1.男");
        System.out.println("2.女");
        System.out.print("输入需要获取的性别序号:");
        int choose = scanner.nextInt();
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
        switch (choose){
            case 1:{
                for (Student student : students) {
                    if (("男").equals(student.getSex())){
                        list.add(student);
                    }
                }
            }break;
            case 2:{
                for (Student student : students) {
                    if (("女").equals(student.getSex())){
                        list.add(student);
                    }
                }
            }break;
            default:
                System.out.println("输入错误");break;
        }
        if (list.size()>0){
            studentService.printStudentList(list);
        }

    }


    private static void getGrade(){
        System.out.println("1.高级");
        System.out.println("2.中级");
        System.out.println("3.初级");
        System.out.print("输入需要获取的年级序号:");
        int choose = scanner.nextInt();
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
        switch (choose){
            case 1:{
                for (Student student : students) {
                    if (("高级").equals(student.getGrade())){
                        list.add(student);
                    }
                }
            }break;
            case 2:{
                for (Student student : students) {
                    if (("中级").equals(student.getGrade())){
                        list.add(student);
                    }
                }
            }break;
            case 3:{
                for (Student student : students) {
                    if (("初级").equals(student.getGrade())){
                        list.add(student);
                    }
                }
            }break;
            default:
                System.out.println("输入错误");break;
        }
        if (list.size()>0){
            studentService.printStudentList(list);
        }

    }



    private static void swap(Student m,Student n){
        Student student = new Student(m.getStuNo(),m.getName(),m.getAge(),m.getSex(),m.getScore(),m.getGrade(),m.getPassword());
        m.setStuNo(n.getStuNo());
        m.setName(n.getName());
        m.setAge(n.getAge());
        m.setSex(n.getSex());
        m.setScore(n.getScore());
        m.setGrade(n.getGrade());
        m.setPassword(n.getPassword());
        n.setStuNo(student.getStuNo());
        n.setName(student.getName());
        n.setAge(student.getAge());
        n.setSex(student.getSex());
        n.setScore(student.getScore());
        n.setGrade(student.getGrade());
        n.setPassword(student.getPassword());

    }









}

 2.Student.java

/**
 * @author pengyangyan
 */
public class Student {

    private String stuNo;

    private String name;

    private Integer age;

    private String sex;

    private Integer score;

    private String grade;

    private String password;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String stuNo, String name, Integer age, String sex, Integer score, String grade, String password) {
        this.stuNo = stuNo;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.score = score;
        this.grade = grade;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getStuNo() {
        return stuNo;
    }

    public void setStuNo(String stuNo) {
        this.stuNo = stuNo;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Integer getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(Integer score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    public String getGrade() {
        return grade;
    }

    public void setGrade(String grade) {
        this.grade = grade;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return stuNo+"|  "+name+"|  "+sex+"|  "+age+"|  "+score+"|  "+grade+"|  "+password+"|";
    }
}

3.StudentService.java

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author pengyangyan
 */
public interface StudentService {

    /**
     * 添加学生信息
     * @param all 学生列表
     */
    void addStudentInfo(List<Student> all,Student student);
    /**
     *  修改学生信息
     * @param all 所有学生的列表
     * @param student  需要修改的学生
     * @return  当前的学生列表
     */
    List<Student> updateStudentInfo(List<Student> all , Student student);

    /**
     *
     * 删除学生信息
     * @param all  所有学生的列表
     * @param name 需要删除的学生姓名
     * @return  当前的学生列表
     */
    List<Student> deleteStudentInfo(List<Student> all , String name);

    /**
     * 打印学生列表
     * @param all 当前学生列表
     * @return 返回打印结果
     */
    void printStudentList(List<Student> all);

    /**
     * 打印个人信息
     * @param student 当前学生
     */
    void printMine(Student student);

    /**
     * 初始化学生信息
     * @param students 学生列表
     */
    void initStudentList(List<Student> students);

}

4.StudentServiceImpl.java

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * @author pengyangyan
 */
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    @Override
    public void addStudentInfo(List<Student> all,Student student) {
        all.add(student);
        System.out.println("学生信息已添加");
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> updateStudentInfo(List<Student> all, Student student) {
        for (Student student1 : all) {
            if (student1.getStuNo().equals(student.getStuNo())){
                student1.setName(student.getName());
                student1.setAge(student.getAge());
                student1.setGrade(student.getGrade());
                student1.setScore(student.getScore());
                student1.setPassword(student.getPassword());
                System.out.println("==============个人信息已更新=============");
                printMine(student1);
                break;
            }
        }
        return all;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> deleteStudentInfo(List<Student> all, String name) {
        int size = all.size();
        for (Student student1 : all) {
            if (student1.getName().equals(name)){
                System.out.println("-------消息通知----------");
                System.out.println("|   成功删除"+name+"     |");
                System.out.println("------------------------");
                all.remove(student1);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (all.size()==size){
            System.out.println("-------消息通知----------");
            System.out.println("|     不存在该学生        |");
            System.out.println("------------------------");
        }
        return all;
    }

    @Override
    public void printStudentList(List<Student> all) {
        System.out.println("================学生信息================");
        System.out.println("学号|  姓名|  性别|  年龄|  分数|  年级|  密码|");
        for (Student student : all) {
            System.out.println(student.toString());
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
    }

    @Override
    public void printMine(Student student) {
        System.out.println("============我的个人信息=============");
        System.out.println("学号--->"+student.getStuNo());
        System.out.println("姓名--->"+student.getName());
        System.out.println("性别--->"+student.getSex());
        System.out.println("年龄--->"+student.getAge());
        System.out.println("分数--->"+student.getScore());
        System.out.println("年级--->"+student.getGrade());
        System.out.println("密码--->"+student.getPassword());
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------");
    }

    @Override
    public void initStudentList(List<Student> students) {
        Random random = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            String sex = i%2==0?"男":"女";
            String grade = i%3==0?"高级":(i%2==0?"初级":"中级");
            Student student = new Student("No."+i,"学生"+i,+random.nextInt(30),sex,random.nextInt(100),grade,"123");
            students.add(student);
        }
    }

}