ngx_listen

listen的作用大家都知道，来主要看下他的结构体和一些使用方法:

struct ngx_listening_s {
    ngx_socket_t        fd;//套接字

    struct sockaddr    *sockaddr;//监听的sockaddr地址
    socklen_t           socklen;    /* size of sockaddr */
    size_t              addr_text_max_len;
    ngx_str_t           addr_text;//字符串存储的ip地址

    int                 type;//套接字类型

    int                 backlog;
    int                 rcvbuf;//缓冲区大小
    int                 sndbuf;
#if (NGX_HAVE_KEEPALIVE_TUNABLE)
    int                 keepidle;
    int                 keepintvl;
    int                 keepcnt;
#endif

    /* handler of accepted connection */
    ngx_connection_handler_pt   handler;//回调函数

    void               *servers;  /* array of ngx_http_in_addr_t, for example */

    ngx_log_t           log;//日志
    ngx_log_t          *logp;//日志指针

    size_t              pool_size;
    /* should be here because of the AcceptEx() preread */
    size_t              post_accept_buffer_size;
    /* should be here because of the deferred accept */
    ngx_msec_t          post_accept_timeout;

    ngx_listening_t    *previous;//listen链表节点
    ngx_connection_t   *connection;//当前对于的ngx_connection_t

    unsigned            open:1;//是不是打开 0 是关闭
    unsigned            remain:1;//为1表示不关闭原先打开的监听端口
    unsigned            ignore:1;//忽略

    unsigned            bound:1;       /* already bound */
    unsigned            inherited:1;   /* inherited from previous process */
    unsigned            nonblocking_accept:1;
    unsigned            listen:1;//是不是已经开始监听
    unsigned            nonblocking:1;
    unsigned            shared:1;    /* shared between threads or processes */
    unsigned            addr_ntop:1;

#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6 && defined IPV6_V6ONLY)
    unsigned            ipv6only:1;
#endif
    unsigned            keepalive:2;

#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT)
    unsigned            deferred_accept:1;
    unsigned            delete_deferred:1;
    unsigned            add_deferred:1;
#ifdef SO_ACCEPTFILTER
    char               *accept_filter;
#endif
#endif
#if (NGX_HAVE_SETFIB)
    int                 setfib;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_TCP_FASTOPEN)
    int                 fastopen;
#endif

};


ngx_listening_t *
ngx_create_listening(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *sockaddr, socklen_t socklen)
{
    size_t            len;
    ngx_listening_t  *ls;
    struct sockaddr  *sa;
    u_char            text[NGX_SOCKADDR_STRLEN];

    ls = ngx_array_push(&cf->cycle->listening);//获取一个listening结构体
    if (ls == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    ngx_memzero(ls, sizeof(ngx_listening_t));//置空

    sa = ngx_palloc(cf->pool, socklen);//分配一个sa
    if (sa == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    ngx_memcpy(sa, sockaddr, socklen);//把sock数据拷入

    ls->sockaddr = sa;
    ls->socklen = socklen;

    len = ngx_sock_ntop(sa, socklen, text, NGX_SOCKADDR_STRLEN, 1);
    ls->addr_text.len = len;

    switch (ls->sockaddr->sa_family) {
#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
    case AF_INET6:
         ls->addr_text_max_len = NGX_INET6_ADDRSTRLEN;
         break;
#endif
#if (NGX_HAVE_UNIX_DOMAIN)
    case AF_UNIX:
         ls->addr_text_max_len = NGX_UNIX_ADDRSTRLEN;
         len++;
         break;
#endif
    case AF_INET:
         ls->addr_text_max_len = NGX_INET_ADDRSTRLEN;
         break;
    default:
         ls->addr_text_max_len = NGX_SOCKADDR_STRLEN;
         break;
    }

    ls->addr_text.data = ngx_pnalloc(cf->pool, len);
    if (ls->addr_text.data == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    ngx_memcpy(ls->addr_text.data, text, len);

    ls->fd = (ngx_socket_t) -1;
    ls->type = SOCK_STREAM;

    ls->backlog = NGX_LISTEN_BACKLOG;
    ls->rcvbuf = -1;
    ls->sndbuf = -1;

#if (NGX_HAVE_SETFIB)
    ls->setfib = -1;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_TCP_FASTOPEN)
    ls->fastopen = -1;
#endif

    return ls;
}


然后在http模块里面
static ngx_listening_t *
ngx_http_add_listening(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_http_conf_addr_t *addr)
{
    ngx_listening_t           *ls;
    ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t  *clcf;
    ngx_http_core_srv_conf_t  *cscf;

    ls = ngx_create_listening(cf, &addr->opt.u.sockaddr, addr->opt.socklen);//创建listen
    if (ls == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    ls->addr_ntop = 1;

    ls->handler = ngx_http_init_connection;//设置处理回调

    cscf = addr->default_server;
    ls->pool_size = cscf->connection_pool_size;//设置参数
    ls->post_accept_timeout = cscf->client_header_timeout;

    clcf = cscf->ctx->loc_conf[ngx_http_core_module.ctx_index];

    ls->logp = clcf->error_log;
    ls->log.data = &ls->addr_text;
    ls->log.handler = ngx_accept_log_error;

#if (NGX_WIN32)
    {
    ngx_iocp_conf_t  *iocpcf = NULL;

    if (ngx_get_conf(cf->cycle->conf_ctx, ngx_events_module)) {
        iocpcf = ngx_event_get_conf(cf->cycle->conf_ctx, ngx_iocp_module);
    }
    if (iocpcf && iocpcf->acceptex_read) {
        ls->post_accept_buffer_size = cscf->client_header_buffer_size;
    }
    }
#endif

    ls->backlog = addr->opt.backlog;
    ls->rcvbuf = addr->opt.rcvbuf;
    ls->sndbuf = addr->opt.sndbuf;

    ls->keepalive = addr->opt.so_keepalive;
#if (NGX_HAVE_KEEPALIVE_TUNABLE)
    ls->keepidle = addr->opt.tcp_keepidle;
    ls->keepintvl = addr->opt.tcp_keepintvl;
    ls->keepcnt = addr->opt.tcp_keepcnt;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT && defined SO_ACCEPTFILTER)
    ls->accept_filter = addr->opt.accept_filter;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT && defined TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT)
    ls->deferred_accept = addr->opt.deferred_accept;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6 && defined IPV6_V6ONLY)
    ls->ipv6only = addr->opt.ipv6only;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_SETFIB)
    ls->setfib = addr->opt.setfib;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_TCP_FASTOPEN)
    ls->fastopen = addr->opt.fastopen;
#endif

    return ls;
}

然后在ngx_event_process_init里面
 for (i = 0; i < cycle->listening.nelts; i++) {

        c = ngx_get_connection(ls[i].fd, cycle->log);//获取一个conncection

        if (c == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        c->log = &ls[i].log;

        c->listening = &ls[i];
        ls[i].connection = c;

        rev = c->read;

        rev->log = c->log;
        rev->accept = 1;

#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT)
        rev->deferred_accept = ls[i].deferred_accept;
#endif

        if (!(ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_IOCP_EVENT)) {
            if (ls[i].previous) {

                /*
                 * delete the old accept events that were bound to
                 * the old cycle read events array
                 */

                old = ls[i].previous->connection;

                if (ngx_del_event(old->read, NGX_READ_EVENT, NGX_CLOSE_EVENT)
                    == NGX_ERROR)
                {
                    return NGX_ERROR;
                }

                old->fd = (ngx_socket_t) -1;
            }
        }

#if (NGX_WIN32)

        if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_IOCP_EVENT) {
            ngx_iocp_conf_t  *iocpcf;

            rev->handler = ngx_event_acceptex;

            if (ngx_use_accept_mutex) {
                continue;
            }

            if (ngx_add_event(rev, 0, NGX_IOCP_ACCEPT) == NGX_ERROR) {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }

            ls[i].log.handler = ngx_acceptex_log_error;

            iocpcf = ngx_event_get_conf(cycle->conf_ctx, ngx_iocp_module);
            if (ngx_event_post_acceptex(&ls[i], iocpcf->post_acceptex)
                == NGX_ERROR)
            {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }

        } else {
            rev->handler = ngx_event_accept;

            if (ngx_use_accept_mutex) {
                continue;
            }

            if (ngx_add_event(rev, NGX_READ_EVENT, 0) == NGX_ERROR) {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }
        }

#else

        rev->handler = ngx_event_accept;//设置event的回调

        if (ngx_use_accept_mutex) {
            continue;
        }

        if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_RTSIG_EVENT) {
            if (ngx_add_conn(c) == NGX_ERROR) {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }

        } else {
            if (ngx_add_event(rev, NGX_READ_EVENT, 0) == NGX_ERROR) {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }
        }

#endif

    }
设置event的回调

void
ngx_event_accept(ngx_event_t *ev)
{
    socklen_t          socklen;
    ngx_err_t          err;
    ngx_log_t         *log;
    ngx_uint_t         level;
    ngx_socket_t       s;
    ngx_event_t       *rev, *wev;
    ngx_listening_t   *ls;
    ngx_connection_t  *c, *lc;
    ngx_event_conf_t  *ecf;
    u_char             sa[NGX_SOCKADDRLEN];
#if (NGX_HAVE_ACCEPT4)
    static ngx_uint_t  use_accept4 = 1;
#endif

    if (ev->timedout) {//是不是timeout
        if (ngx_enable_accept_events((ngx_cycle_t *) ngx_cycle) != NGX_OK) {
            return;
        }

        ev->timedout = 0;
    }

    ecf = ngx_event_get_conf(ngx_cycle->conf_ctx, ngx_event_core_module);

    if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_RTSIG_EVENT) {
        ev->available = 1;

    } else if (!(ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_KQUEUE_EVENT)) {
        ev->available = ecf->multi_accept;
    }

    lc = ev->data;
    ls = lc->listening;
    ev->ready = 0;

    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, ev->log, 0,
                   "accept on %V, ready: %d", &ls->addr_text, ev->available);

    do {
        socklen = NGX_SOCKADDRLEN;

#if (NGX_HAVE_ACCEPT4)
        if (use_accept4) {
            s = accept4(lc->fd, (struct sockaddr *) sa, &socklen,
                        SOCK_NONBLOCK);
        } else {
            s = accept(lc->fd, (struct sockaddr *) sa, &socklen);
        }
#else
        s = accept(lc->fd, (struct sockaddr *) sa, &socklen);
#endif

        if (s == (ngx_socket_t) -1) {
            err = ngx_socket_errno;

            if (err == NGX_EAGAIN) {
                ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, ev->log, err,
                               "accept() not ready");
                return;
            }

            level = NGX_LOG_ALERT;

            if (err == NGX_ECONNABORTED) {
                level = NGX_LOG_ERR;

            } else if (err == NGX_EMFILE || err == NGX_ENFILE) {
                level = NGX_LOG_CRIT;
            }

#if (NGX_HAVE_ACCEPT4)
            ngx_log_error(level, ev->log, err,
                          use_accept4 ? "accept4() failed" : "accept() failed");

            if (use_accept4 && err == NGX_ENOSYS) {
                use_accept4 = 0;
                ngx_inherited_nonblocking = 0;
                continue;
            }
#else
            ngx_log_error(level, ev->log, err, "accept() failed");
#endif

            if (err == NGX_ECONNABORTED) {
                if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_KQUEUE_EVENT) {
                    ev->available--;
                }

                if (ev->available) {
                    continue;
                }
            }

            if (err == NGX_EMFILE || err == NGX_ENFILE) {
                if (ngx_disable_accept_events((ngx_cycle_t *) ngx_cycle)
                    != NGX_OK)
                {
                    return;
                }

                if (ngx_use_accept_mutex) {
                    if (ngx_accept_mutex_held) {
                        ngx_shmtx_unlock(&ngx_accept_mutex);
                        ngx_accept_mutex_held = 0;
                    }

                    ngx_accept_disabled = 1;

                } else {
                    ngx_add_timer(ev, ecf->accept_mutex_delay);
                }
            }

            return;
        }

#if (NGX_STAT_STUB)
        (void) ngx_atomic_fetch_add(ngx_stat_accepted, 1);
#endif

        ngx_accept_disabled = ngx_cycle->connection_n / 8
                              - ngx_cycle->free_connection_n;

        c = ngx_get_connection(s, ev->log);

        if (c == NULL) {
            if (ngx_close_socket(s) == -1) {
                ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, ev->log, ngx_socket_errno,
                              ngx_close_socket_n " failed");
            }

            return;
        }

#if (NGX_STAT_STUB)
        (void) ngx_atomic_fetch_add(ngx_stat_active, 1);
#endif

        c->pool = ngx_create_pool(ls->pool_size, ev->log);
        if (c->pool == NULL) {
            ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
            return;
        }

        c->sockaddr = ngx_palloc(c->pool, socklen);
        if (c->sockaddr == NULL) {
            ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
            return;
        }

        ngx_memcpy(c->sockaddr, sa, socklen);

        log = ngx_palloc(c->pool, sizeof(ngx_log_t));
        if (log == NULL) {
            ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
            return;
        }

        /* set a blocking mode for aio and non-blocking mode for others */

        if (ngx_inherited_nonblocking) {
            if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_AIO_EVENT) {
                if (ngx_blocking(s) == -1) {
                    ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, ev->log, ngx_socket_errno,
                                  ngx_blocking_n " failed");
                    ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
                    return;
                }
            }

        } else {
            if (!(ngx_event_flags & (NGX_USE_AIO_EVENT|NGX_USE_RTSIG_EVENT))) {
                if (ngx_nonblocking(s) == -1) {
                    ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, ev->log, ngx_socket_errno,
                                  ngx_nonblocking_n " failed");
                    ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        *log = ls->log;

        c->recv = ngx_recv;
        c->send = ngx_send;
        c->recv_chain = ngx_recv_chain;
        c->send_chain = ngx_send_chain;

        c->log = log;
        c->pool->log = log;

        c->socklen = socklen;
        c->listening = ls;
        c->local_sockaddr = ls->sockaddr;
        c->local_socklen = ls->socklen;

        c->unexpected_eof = 1;

#if (NGX_HAVE_UNIX_DOMAIN)
        if (c->sockaddr->sa_family == AF_UNIX) {
            c->tcp_nopush = NGX_TCP_NOPUSH_DISABLED;
            c->tcp_nodelay = NGX_TCP_NODELAY_DISABLED;
#if (NGX_SOLARIS)
            /* Solaris's sendfilev() supports AF_NCA, AF_INET, and AF_INET6 */
            c->sendfile = 0;
#endif
        }
#endif

        rev = c->read;
        wev = c->write;

        wev->ready = 1;

        if (ngx_event_flags & (NGX_USE_AIO_EVENT|NGX_USE_RTSIG_EVENT)) {
            /* rtsig, aio, iocp */
            rev->ready = 1;
        }

        if (ev->deferred_accept) {
            rev->ready = 1;
#if (NGX_HAVE_KQUEUE)
            rev->available = 1;
#endif
        }

        rev->log = log;
        wev->log = log;

        /*
         * TODO: MT: - ngx_atomic_fetch_add()
         *             or protection by critical section or light mutex
         *
         * TODO: MP: - allocated in a shared memory
         *           - ngx_atomic_fetch_add()
         *             or protection by critical section or light mutex
         */

        c->number = ngx_atomic_fetch_add(ngx_connection_counter, 1);

#if (NGX_STAT_STUB)
        (void) ngx_atomic_fetch_add(ngx_stat_handled, 1);
#endif

#if (NGX_THREADS)
        rev->lock = &c->lock;
        wev->lock = &c->lock;
        rev->own_lock = &c->lock;
        wev->own_lock = &c->lock;
#endif

        if (ls->addr_ntop) {
            c->addr_text.data = ngx_pnalloc(c->pool, ls->addr_text_max_len);
            if (c->addr_text.data == NULL) {
                ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
                return;
            }

            c->addr_text.len = ngx_sock_ntop(c->sockaddr, c->socklen,
                                             c->addr_text.data,
                                             ls->addr_text_max_len, 0);
            if (c->addr_text.len == 0) {
                ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
                return;
            }
        }

#if (NGX_DEBUG)
        {

        struct sockaddr_in   *sin;
        ngx_cidr_t           *cidr;
        ngx_uint_t            i;
#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
        struct sockaddr_in6  *sin6;
        ngx_uint_t            n;
#endif

        cidr = ecf->debug_connection.elts;
        for (i = 0; i < ecf->debug_connection.nelts; i++) {
            if (cidr[i].family != (ngx_uint_t) c->sockaddr->sa_family) {
                goto next;
            }

            switch (cidr[i].family) {

#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
            case AF_INET6:
                sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) c->sockaddr;
                for (n = 0; n < 16; n++) {
                    if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[n]
                        & cidr[i].u.in6.mask.s6_addr[n])
                        != cidr[i].u.in6.addr.s6_addr[n])
                    {
                        goto next;
                    }
                }
                break;
#endif

#if (NGX_HAVE_UNIX_DOMAIN)
            case AF_UNIX:
                break;
#endif

            default: /* AF_INET */
                sin = (struct sockaddr_in *) c->sockaddr;
                if ((sin->sin_addr.s_addr & cidr[i].u.in.mask)
                    != cidr[i].u.in.addr)
                {
                    goto next;
                }
                break;
            }

            log->log_level = NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CONNECTION|NGX_LOG_DEBUG_ALL;
            break;

        next:
            continue;
        }

        }
#endif

        ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, log, 0,
                       "*%uA accept: %V fd:%d", c->number, &c->addr_text, s);

        if (ngx_add_conn && (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_EPOLL_EVENT) == 0) {
            if (ngx_add_conn(c) == NGX_ERROR) {
                ngx_close_accepted_connection(c);
                return;
            }
        }

        log->data = NULL;
        log->handler = NULL;

        ls->handler(c);

        if (ngx_event_flags & NGX_USE_KQUEUE_EVENT) {
            ev->available--;
        }

    } while (ev->available);
}


void
ngx_http_init_connection(ngx_connection_t *c)
{
    ngx_uint_t              i;
    ngx_event_t            *rev;
    struct sockaddr_in     *sin;
    ngx_http_port_t        *port;
    ngx_http_in_addr_t     *addr;
    ngx_http_log_ctx_t     *ctx;
    ngx_http_connection_t  *hc;
#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
    struct sockaddr_in6    *sin6;
    ngx_http_in6_addr_t    *addr6;
#endif

    hc = ngx_pcalloc(c->pool, sizeof(ngx_http_connection_t));
    if (hc == NULL) {
        ngx_http_close_connection(c);
        return;
    }

    c->data = hc;

    /* find the server configuration for the address:port */

    port = c->listening->servers;

    if (port->naddrs > 1) {

        /*
         * there are several addresses on this port and one of them
         * is an "*:port" wildcard so getsockname() in ngx_http_server_addr()
         * is required to determine a server address
         */

        if (ngx_connection_local_sockaddr(c, NULL, 0) != NGX_OK) {
            ngx_http_close_connection(c);
            return;
        }

        switch (c->local_sockaddr->sa_family) {

#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
        case AF_INET6:
            sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) c->local_sockaddr;

            addr6 = port->addrs;

            /* the last address is "*" */

            for (i = 0; i < port->naddrs - 1; i++) {
                if (ngx_memcmp(&addr6[i].addr6, &sin6->sin6_addr, 16) == 0) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            hc->addr_conf = &addr6[i].conf;

            break;
#endif

        default: /* AF_INET */
            sin = (struct sockaddr_in *) c->local_sockaddr;

            addr = port->addrs;

            /* the last address is "*" */

            for (i = 0; i < port->naddrs - 1; i++) {
                if (addr[i].addr == sin->sin_addr.s_addr) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            hc->addr_conf = &addr[i].conf;

            break;
        }

    } else {

        switch (c->local_sockaddr->sa_family) {

#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)
        case AF_INET6:
            addr6 = port->addrs;
            hc->addr_conf = &addr6[0].conf;
            break;
#endif

        default: /* AF_INET */
            addr = port->addrs;
            hc->addr_conf = &addr[0].conf;
            break;
        }
    }

    /* the default server configuration for the address:port */
    hc->conf_ctx = hc->addr_conf->default_server->ctx;

    ctx = ngx_palloc(c->pool, sizeof(ngx_http_log_ctx_t));
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        ngx_http_close_connection(c);
        return;
    }

    ctx->connection = c;
    ctx->request = NULL;
    ctx->current_request = NULL;

    c->log->connection = c->number;
    c->log->handler = ngx_http_log_error;
    c->log->data = ctx;
    c->log->action = "waiting for request";

    c->log_error = NGX_ERROR_INFO;

    rev = c->read;
    rev->handler = ngx_http_wait_request_handler;
    c->write->handler = ngx_http_empty_handler;

#if (NGX_HTTP_SPDY)
    if (hc->addr_conf->spdy) {
        rev->handler = ngx_http_spdy_init;
    }
#endif

#if (NGX_HTTP_SSL)
    {
    ngx_http_ssl_srv_conf_t  *sscf;

    sscf = ngx_http_get_module_srv_conf(hc->conf_ctx, ngx_http_ssl_module);

    if (sscf->enable || hc->addr_conf->ssl) {

        c->log->action = "SSL handshaking";

        if (hc->addr_conf->ssl && sscf->ssl.ctx == NULL) {
            ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, c->log, 0,
                          "no \"ssl_certificate\" is defined "
                          "in server listening on SSL port");
            ngx_http_close_connection(c);
            return;
        }

        hc->ssl = 1;

        rev->handler = ngx_http_ssl_handshake;
    }
    }
#endif

    if (hc->addr_conf->proxy_protocol) {
        hc->proxy_protocol = 1;
        c->log->action = "reading PROXY protocol";
    }

    if (rev->ready) {
        /* the deferred accept(), rtsig, aio, iocp */

        if (ngx_use_accept_mutex) {
            ngx_post_event(rev, &ngx_posted_events);
            return;
        }

        rev->handler(rev);
        return;
    }

    ngx_add_timer(rev, c->listening->post_accept_timeout);
    ngx_reusable_connection(c, 1);

    if (ngx_handle_read_event(rev, 0) != NGX_OK) {
        ngx_http_close_connection(c);
        return;
    }
}


没啥特别  表面下结构 后面详细介绍