#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
void main(void)
{
char str1[10] = {"Tsinghua "};
char str2[10] = {"Computer"};
cout<<strncpy(str1,str2,3)<<endl;
}
运行结果:Comnghua
注意:字符串source中前numchars个字符将覆盖掉字符串destination中前numchars个字符!
strcat(char target[], const char source[]);
strcat:将字符串source接到字符串target的后面。
strcat函数应用举例
原型:strcat(char target[], const char source[]);
功能:将字符串source接到字符串target的后面
例程:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
void main(void)
{
char str1[] = {"Tsinghua "};
char str2[] = {"Computer"};
cout<<strcpy(str1,str2)<<endl;
}
运行结果:Tsinghua Computer
注意:在定义字符数组1的长度时应该考虑字符数组2的长度,因为连接后新字符串的长度为两个字符串长度之和。进行字符串连接后,字符串1的结尾符将自动被去掉,在结尾串末尾保留新字符串后面一个结尾符。
strncat(char target[], const char source[], int numchars);
strncat:将字符串source的前numchars个字符接到字符串target的后面。
strncat函数应用举例:
原型:strncat(char target[], const char source[], int numchars);
功能:将字符串source的前numchars个字符接到字符串target的后面
例程:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
void main(void)
{
char str1[] = {"Tsinghua "};
char str2[] = {"Computer"};
cout<<strncat(str1,str2,3)<<endl;
}
运行结果:Tsinghua Com
int strcmp(const char firststring[], const char secondstring);
strcmp:比较两个字符串firststring和secondstring。
strcmp函数应用举例
原型:int strcmp(const char firststring[], const char secondstring);
功能:比较两个字符串firststring和secondstring
例程:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
void main(void)
{
char buf1[] = "aaa";
char buf2[] = "bbb";
char buf3[] = "ccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmp(buf2,buf1);
if(ptr > 0)
cout<<"Buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1"<<endl;
else
cout<<"Buffer 2 is less than buffer 1"<<endl;
ptr = strcmp(buf2,buf3);
if(ptr > 0)
cout<<"Buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3"<<endl;
else
cout<<"Buffer 2 is less than buffer 3"<<endl;
}
运行结果是:Buffer 2 is less than buffer 1
Buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3
strlen( const char string[] );
strlen:统计字符串string中字符的个数。
strlen函数应用举例
原型:strlen( const char string[] );
功能:统计字符串string中字符的个数
例程:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
void main(void)
{
char str[100];
cout<<"请输入一个字符串:";
cin>>str;
cout<<"The length of the string is :"<<strlen(str)<<"个"<<endl;
}
运行结果The length of the string is x (x为你输入的字符总数字)
注意:strlen函数的功能是计算字符串的实际长度,不包括'/0'在内。另外,strlen函数也可以直接测试字符串常量的长度,如:strlen("Welcome")。