springboot 项目使用restTemplate 发post请求 参数封装

Spring RestTemplate中几种常见的请求方式–参考链接

RestTemplate 发post请求不同的请求头，参数的封装类不一样

1，RestTemplate 的配置类

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.time.Duration;

/**
 * <p>
 * 配置RestTemplate，RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端，提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，能够大大提高客户端的编写效率
 * </p>
 *
 * @author 
 * @custom.date 2020年1月20日 上午10:58:31
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateConfig.class);

    /**
     * <p>
     * 构造RestTemplate实例，把RestTemplate实例作为一个JavaBean交给Spring管理
     * </p>
     *
     * @return {@link RestTemplate}
     */
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplateBuilder()//
                // .basicAuthorization("username", "password")
                // 5秒
                .setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                // 5秒
                .setReadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))//
                .build();
        log.info("RestTemplate配置成功！");
        return restTemplate;
    }

}

2，restTemplate post请求及参数的封装：

public class BdeviceVms{

// springboot 自带的两个类，直接注入，无需第三方包
 	@Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

    // 
    public Map<String, Object> getVmsRealPlayListForGJ(String deviceId) {

        String url = "http://ip:port/open/gateway";
        String method = "query_display";
        //生成唯一请求标识
        String request_id = Customer.getCustomerIDincrease();
        //生成鉴权码
        String signValue = SignUtil.getSign(method,deviceId,request_id);
        
        Map<String, String> mapContent = new HashMap<>();
        mapContent.put("deviceCode",deviceId);
        String content = null;
        try {
            // 将map对象转换成json 字符串
            content = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(mapContent);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 第一种请求方式： restTemplate 模板请求post

        // 1，设置请求头
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        //headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
        // 默认请求头
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);

        // 2,封装参数，当请求头是默认的 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 时
        // post请求  封装参数用MultiValueMap，千万不要用Map与HashMap，否则参数无法传递
        MultiValueMap<String, String> paramMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>();
 	    paramMap.add("method", method);
        paramMap.add("api_request_id", request_id);
        paramMap.add("sign_type", "RSA");
        paramMap.add("sign", signValue);

        // 而当请求头是：Content-Type 为 application/json 时，
        // post请求  则要用Map与HashMap来封装参数
        // Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        // map.put("name","hjxx");
        
        // 3. 封装请求头和 参数
        HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>>(paramMap,headers);
        //HttpEntity<Map<String, String>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<Map<String, String>>(map,headers);

        // 4,发送请求，指定请求方式
        // 使用exchange请求接口
        ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, httpEntity, String.class);
        String res = response.getBody();
        System.out.println("result3====================" + response.getBody());

        // 第二种：请求方式
 //       Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
//        map.put("api_request_id", request_id);
//        map.put("method", method);

//        // 工具类封装了post请求 拼接参数的
//        String s = DoPostUtils.doPost(url, map);
//        System.out.println(s);

// 返回结果处理，将string 转成 map
        Map restMap = null;
        try {
            restMap = objectMapper.readValue(res, Map.class);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
      return restMap;
    }

}

3，第二种请求方式：用的工具类（与restTemplate 无关）;
pom.xml

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.arronlong</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpclientutil</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.4</version>
		</dependency>

工具类

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author 
 * @create 2020-08-26 9:10
 * 将参数拼接在请求地址后面发送post请求
 * 发送示例:
 * http://IP:port/baidu.com?action=2&yydm=kfcs&paytype=3&notifyUrl=1&czyh=wnpay&outSignNo=1　　//post请求
 */
public class DoPostUtils {

    /**
     *
     * @param url
     * @param param
     * @return String
     * post请求示例 http://IP:port/baidu.com?action=2&yydm=kfcs&paytype=3&notifyUrl=1&czyh=wnpay&outSignNo=1　　
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            // 创建参数列表
            if (param != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);

                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
            //System.out.println( resultString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

}