一、触发器介绍
HighGo Database触发器是先创建触发器函数,再创建触发器。触发器必须结合触发器函数来使用。
1)pg_trigger表部分字段展示
Name | Type | References | Description |
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| Row identifier (hidden attribute; must be explicitly selected) | |
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| The table this trigger is on |
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| Trigger name (must be unique among triggers of same table) | |
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| The function to be called |
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| True if trigger is internally generated (usually, to enforce the constraint identified by |
2)列出当前数据库所有触发器
highgo=# select * from pg_trigger; |
3)列举出特定表的触发器
highgo=# select pt.* from pg_class pc join pg_trigger pt on pt.tgrelid=pc.oid where relname='table_name'; |
4) 查询指定模式下的触发器,及其作用的表,使用的触发器函数
highgo=# select pc.oid tableoid, pc.relname "表名", pt.oid triggeroid, pt.tgname "触发器名", pp.oid functionoid, pp.proname "触发器函数名" from pg_trigger pt join pg_class pc on pc.oid=pt.tgrelid join pg_namespace pn on pc.relnamespace = pn.oid left join pg_proc pp on pt.tgfoid=pp.oid where tgisinternal=false -- 不是系统创建的 and pn.nspname ='schema_name'; |
二、触发器使用案例
1)Mysql ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP在hgdb实现
mysql:
CREATE TABLE tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf ( tab_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, tab_name VARCHAR(10), insert_time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, update_time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, PRIMARY KEY (tab_id) );
mysql> insert into tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf(tab_name) VALUES ('12'); mysql> select * from tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf; +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ | tab_id | tab_name | insert_time | update_time | +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ | 1 | 12 | 2019-11-08 13:40:56 | 2019-11-08 13:40:56 | +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ mysql> update tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf set tab_name='34' where tab_id=1 ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf; +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ | tab_id | tab_name | insert_time | update_time | +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ | 1 | 34 | 2019-11-08 13:40:56 | 2019-11-08 13:43:02 | +--------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+ |
hgdb:
highgo=# CREATE TABLE tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf ( tab_id bigserial NOT NULL, tab_name varchar(10) NULL, insert_time timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP::timestamp(0) without time zone, update_time timestamp NULL, CONSTRAINT tab_update_default_pkey PRIMARY KEY (tab_id) );
highgo=# insert into tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf(tab_name) VALUES ('12'); highgo=# select * from tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf; tab_id | tab_name | insert_time | update_time --------+----------+------------------------+------------- 1 | 12 | 2019-11-08 14:07:02 |
highgo=# CREATE FUNCTION update_timestamp() RETURNS trigger AS $update_timestamp$ BEGIN NEW.update_time := current_timestamp::timestamp(0) without time zone; RETURN NEW; END; $update_timestamp$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
highgo=# CREATE TRIGGER update_timestamp BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE update_timestamp();
highgo=# insert into tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf(tab_name) VALUES ('56'); highgo=# select * from tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf; tab_id | tab_name | insert_time | update_time --------+----------+------------------------+------------------------ 1 | 12 | 2019-11-08 14:07:02 | 2 | 56 | 2019-11-08 14:08:00 | 2019-11-08 14:08:00
highgo=# update tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf set tab_name='01' where tab_id=2; highgo=# select * from tab_hgdb_tri_update_yf; tab_id | tab_name | insert_time | update_time --------+----------+------------------------+------------------------ 1 | 12 | 2019-11-08 14:07:02 | 2 | 01 | 2019-11-08 14:08:00 | 2019-11-08 14:08:27 |
2)触发器实现主键自增id及exception处理
CREATE TABLE tab_emp_seq_yf ( emp_id int, emp_name varchar(50) );
create sequence seq_tab_emp_seq_yf_emp_id minvalue 1 start with 1 increment by 1;
create or replace FUNCTION fun_tri_tab_emp_seq_yf_before_insert() RETURNS trigger AS $tri_fun$ BEGIN new.emp_id := nextval('seq_tab_emp_seq_yf_emp_id'); RETURN NEW; exception when others then raise notice '%', '异常号:' || substr(to_char(SQLSTATE), 1, 200) || '; 异常信息:' || coalesce(sqlerrm::text,''); return null; --此处一定要注意,根据自己的业务逻辑选择;如果是return null,则数据不会插入到表;return new,则emp_id列不会插入,其他列的数据会插入到表。 END; $tri_fun$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
模拟异常: drop sequence seq_tab_emp_seq_yf_emp_id; 异常输出信息: 异常号:42P01; 异常信息:relation "seq_tab_emp_seq_yf_emp_id" does not exist |
3)before/after insert/update/delete操作
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